(Blood station)

Question 1

Sodium

Answer 1

135-145mmol/L
assess electrolyte, acid-base, water balance + renal function
hyper-/hypo-natraemia

Question 2

Magnesium

Answer 2

0.7-1.0 mmol/L
bones, enzymatic reactions
hyper-/hypo-magnesaemia

Question 3

Calcium

Answer 3

2.2-2.6 mmol/L
bones, muscle, nerve
hyper-/hypo-calcaemia

Question 4

Chloride

Answer 4

95-105 mmol/L

blood volume, arterial pressure, acid-base balance

Question 5

Potassium

Answer 5

3.8-5.0 mmol/L
kidneys, fluid balance, nerve stimulation
hyper-/hypo-kalaemia

Question 6

Phosphate

Answer 6

0.8-1.5 mmol/L
bone, energy transfer/storage, acid-base
hyper-/hypo-phosphataemia

Question 7

Bicarbonate

Answer 7

24-29 mmol/L
pH buffer
metabolic acidosis (low) / alkalosis (high)

Question 8

LDL-chol

Answer 8

< 3 mmol/L

“bad” chol

Question 9

Total chol

Answer 9

< 4 mmol/L

Question 10

VLDL TAGS

Answer 10

0.1-1.7 mmol/L

Question 11

HDL-chol

Answer 11

> 1.2 mmol/L

“good” chol

Question 12

HbA1c

Answer 12

< 48 mmol/mol

BG over last few months

Question 13

Fasting BG

Answer 13

< 7 mmol/L

Question 14

Random glucose

Answer 14

< 11.1 mmol/L

Question 15

Ketones

Answer 15

check for if BG is > 15 mmol/L

Question 16

Diabetic hypo

Answer 16

< 4 mmol/L

Question 17

Diabetic hyper

Answer 17

> 7 mmol/L

Question 18

Normal blood pressure

Answer 18

< 130/ <85 mmHg/mmHg

Question 19

Stage 1 hypertension

Answer 19

140-159 / 90-99 mmHg/mmHg

Question 20

Stage 2 hypertension

Answer 20

> 160/ > 100 mmHg/mmHg

Question 21

eGFR

Answer 21

> 90 ml/min/1.73m2

key indicator of renal function

Question 22

Creatinine

Answer 22

M: 0.9-1.3 mg/dL
F: 0.6-1.1 mg/dL
kidney function

Question 23

Urea

Answer 23

3.3-6.7 mmol/L

kidney function

Question 24

IgA

Answer 24

70-400 mg/dL

immune deficiencies

Question 25

Platelets

Answer 25

143-400 10^9/L

Question 26

Lymphocytes

Answer 26

1.0-3.0 10^9/L

Question 27

CRP

Answer 27

< 8 mg/L

inflammatory diseases

Question 28

Blood pH

Answer 28

23-27 mEq/L

detect acid-base imbalance

Question 29

Haemoglobin

Answer 29

M: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
F: 12.0-15.5 g/dL
low = anaemia

Question 30

Thiamine

Answer 30

2.5-7.5 ug/dL

Question 31

Ascorbate

Answer 31

0.6-2 mg/dL

Question 32

Vitamin A

Answer 32

M: 700 ug
F: 600 ug

Question 33

Folate

Answer 33

4.5-45.3 nmol/L

Question 34

Vitamin B12

Answer 34

200-900 pg/ml

Question 35

Bilirubin

Answer 35

< 21 umol/L

detect/monitor liver disorders

Question 36

Albumin

Answer 36

35-50g/L

monitor liver function

Question 37

Alkaline phosphate

Answer 37

20-140 IU/L

indicate liver problems

Question 38

Total protein

Answer 38

60-80g/L
low = hypoalbuminaemia
checks for albumin