Biochemistry Flashcards
Us + Es
renal function
electrolytes are charged atoms involved in passage of electricity
sodium
primary electrolyte in blood
hypo/hyper- natraemia
assess electrolyte, acid-base, water balance, renal function
potassium
mostly in cells
hypo/hyper-kalaemia
kidneys, fluid balance, nerve stimulation
IV fluids
water cannot be given by itself as it will destroy RBCs
dextrose, saline
urea + creatinine
metabolic waste products - nitrogen rich
GFR
glomerular filtration rate
= gold standard renal function test
normal > 90
kidney failure < 15
liver function test - enzymes
ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
BUT not specific for the liver
bilirubin
liver function test
< 21 umol/L
from breakdown of haem
high levels = jaundice
albumin
carrying molecule (e.g. Ca) renal function
plasma proteins used for liver function test
total protein + albumin
CRP
(c-reactive protein)
marker of inflammation
acute phase protein
transferrin
plasma protein
transports iron through blood
fibrinogen
plasma protein
coagulation
amylase
plasma protein
pancreatic digestive hormone
insulin
glucoregulatory hormone
