Blood Pressure: Distribution & Dissipation Flashcards

1
Q

veins

A

resistance makes blood pressure drop

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2
Q

flow

A

Elastic properties of arteries helps maintain blood flow

from veins > arteries> arterioles> capillaries

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3
Q

Measuring blood pressure (arterial)

A

Blood pressure can be measured indirectly using a sphygmomanometer
– Inflatable cuff with pressure gauge
– Cuff compresses brachial artery
– Measures systolic and diastolic pressure

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4
Q

Sphygmomanometry – principles

A

Sound can not be heard when:
No blood is flowing (occluded artery) or
Blood is flowing smoothly (‘laminar’ flow)
Sound can be heard when:
Blood flow is turbulent (partially occluded artery)

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5
Q

Sphygmomanometry -

No Flow

A

Cuff is inflated
Cuff pressure > arterial pressure
Artery is completely occluded No sound as no flow

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6
Q

Sphygmomanometry -

Turbulent flow:

A

Cuff Pressure reduced until first sound is heard
Systolic pressure!
Blood passes through turbulently when arterial pressure transiently exceeds cuff pressure (ie with each pulse)

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7
Q

Sphygmomanometry - Laminar Flow

A

Laminar Flow
No sound heard when cuff pressure < diastolic pressure
Last sound heard is at diastolic pressure

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8
Q

Other measures of pressure

Pulse Pressure

A

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Eg 120 – 80 = 40 mmHg
relates to stoke volume higher stroke volume = higher pulse pressure

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9
Q

Other measures of pressure

- Mean Arterial Pressure

A

Average blood pressure in the arteries
Closer to diastolic pressure, because heart spends longer in diastole

Mean arterial pressure = diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure
Healthy individual (120/80):
80 mmHg + (1/3) 40 = 93 mmHg
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10
Q

Important!

A

The body uses mean arterial pressure to regulate blood pressure, not systolic or diastolic pressur

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