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Physiology > Blood Physiology > Flashcards

Blood Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

part of extracellular fluid

A

Blood

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2
Q

Extracellular fluid differentiated into

A

Plasma and interstitial fluid

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3
Q

Plasma and cells

A

Blood

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4
Q

The role of blood in internal environmental

A

homeostasis

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5
Q

The percentage of total blood volume that blood cells occupy

A

Hematocrit

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6
Q

normal value of hematocrit for male, female, and newborn:

A

40-50%, 37-48%, 55%

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7
Q

Cellular components of blood

A

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)
White Blood Cells (Leucocytes)
Platelets (Thrombocytes)

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8
Q

98% water + ions + plasma proteins e.g. (Albumin, globulin, fibrinogen)

A

Plasma

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9
Q

Same ionic composition as interstitial fluid

A

Plasma

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10
Q

Specific gravity of total blood, plasma, and RBC

A

total blood - (1.050-1.060) more influenced RBC
plasma - (1.025–1.030) more influenced by plasma protein
RBC - (1.090-1.092) more influenced by Hb

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11
Q

Viscosity of blood and plasma

A

Blood relative viscosity (4~5) mainly depends on the numbers of red blood cells

Plasma relative viscosity (1.6~2.4) is mainly involved in plasma protein

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12
Q

Plasma osmotic pressure

A

300 mmol/L or 770 kPa

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13
Q

results from NaCl and modulates water distribution between inside and outside of cells

A

Crystal osmotic pressure

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14
Q

results from albumin and regulates water distribution between inside and outside of capillary

A

Colloid Osmotic Pressure

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15
Q

Plasma pH value

A

about 7.35-7.45

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16
Q

Functions of blood

A

Transport (O2, CO2, nutrient, hormones, waste product)
Homeostasis (Regulation of body temperature, ECF, pH)
Protecting against infections (White Blood Cells, Antibodies)
Blood Clotting prevent blood loss

17
Q

Blood Volume

A

5 liter in adult:
45% is packed cells volume (PCV)
55% is plasma volume

18
Q

Formation of RBC (erythrocytes)

A

Erythropoiesis

19
Q

Formation of WBC (leucocytes)

A

Leucopoiesis

20
Q

Formation of platelets (thrombocytes)

A

Thrombopoiesis

21
Q

The forming processes of erythrocyte (red blood cell, RBC), leukocyte (white blood cell, WBC) and thrombocyte (platelet, P) originating from hematopoietic stem

A

Hemopoiesis

22
Q

Flat biconcave disc, non-nucleated, Diameter 7-8 umx2.5umx1 um, Flexible, average volume 90-95 um^3, number = 4.7 - 5x10^6, Hb = 14-16 g/dl in the blood

A

Red blood cells

23
Q

Production of red blood cells: In-utero

A
  • Early few weeks of embryo nucleated RBCs are formed in yolk sac
  • Middle trimester mainly in liver, spleen, and lymph nodes
  • Last months RBCs are formed in bone marrow of all bones
24
Q

Production of red blood cells: After birth

A
  • Bone marrow of flat bone continue to produce RBC into adult life
  • Shaft of long bone stop to produce RBC at puberty while epiphysis continued

Physiology (2 decks)

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