Blood Lectures Flashcards
Where does blood move?
Through the plasma which is found in the capillaries of the circulatory system
Why is blood a highly dynamic tissue?
It is constantly moving a making exchanges
What are the three functions of blood?
- Transport
- Acid-Base Balance
- Protection
What does blood transport?
-Nutrients
-Respiratory gasses
-Wastes
-Hormones
-Temperature regulation
How does blood help with temperature regulation?
Metabolic reactions generate heat, as blood moves out to our extremeties, it can cool the body
What makes up blood?
Plasma - 55 %
Buffy Layer - WBCs and platelets
Red Blood Cells - 45%
True or false: Blood is made up of both ECF and ICF?
True
What component of blood is the extracellular fluid?
Plasma
What component of blood is the intracellular fluid?
Fluid inside the blood cells
Define Normovolemia
Normal blood volume
Define Hypovolemia
Lower blood volume
Define Hypervolemia
Higher blood volume
What is the hematocrit?
The percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells
How is hematocrit calculated?
Height of the red blood cell column/ height of the whole blood column and then times 100%
What is a normal hematocrit?
45%
What components make up the plasma?
-Over 90% water
-Contains ions, high in sodium chloride
-Contains nutrients, respiratory gasses and wastes (glucose, amino acids, lipids, O2, Urea, Lactic acid, CO2)
-Contains proteins(colloids)
What is the difference between the ISF and plasma?
Plasma contains proteins
What are the different ways to separate proteins from plasma?
- Differential precipitation by salts
- Sedimentation in ultracentrifuge
- Immunological characteristics
- Electrophorectic Mobility (most common)
What is electrophoresis?
Separating molecules based on movement of charged particles along a voltage gradient
What influences the rate of migration in electrophoresis?
- The number and distribution of charge (more charged moves closer to positive pole )
- The molecular weight of each protein (heavy protein migrates slower)
What does the size of the bands on the paper indicate?
Larger band = more of that protein
What is serum and why is it used in electrophoresis?
Serum is plasma with no fibrinogen(clotting factor). It is used for electrophoresis because this way the sample won’t clot when trying to run it on the gel matrix
Where do most plasma proteins originate?
Liver
What plasma proteins are produced at the liver?
- Albumin
- Fibrinogen
- Globulins (alpha-1, alpha-2, beta)