Blood, Heart And Exercise Flashcards
What does blood consist of?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma
What does plasma contain?
Dissolved substances (molecules and ions which it transports around the body)
Describe adaptations of red blood cells to carry oxygen
They are bi concave which helps absorb more oxygen and they have no nucleus which creates more space for haemoglobin which bonds with the oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin.
Describe the functions of white blood cells.
To protect us from pathogens (disease disease- causing organisms)
Phagocytes - can change shape to engulf microbes and digest them
Lymphocytes - can produce antibodies to neutralise the microbes
Describe the function of platelets.
Helps our blood clot which forms scabs with stops further bleeding and further entry of microbes, they have no nucleus and are very small
What is the equation to figure out cardiac output?
Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume * Heart Rate
Why does heart rate increase during exercise?
Because your muscles need more oxygen so your heart rate increases to transport the oxygen to your muscle quickly and so that more blood gets out to your body.
