blood glucose levels and obesity

Question 1

explain the effect of chronic high blood glucose level can have on the body

Answer 1

endothelium cells take in more glucose than normal, damaging the blood vessel
may result in renal failure

Question 2

explain how negative feedback is used to raise blood sugar levels

Answer 2

pancreatic receptors respond to the lowered blood glucose levels by increasing the secretion of glucagon from the pancrease. glucagon activates the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver

Question 3

explain how negative feedback is used to lower blood sugar level

Answer 3

pancreatic receptors respond to a raised blood glucose level by increasing the secretion of insulin from the pancrease. insulin activates the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver

Question 4

explain the effect adrenaline has on blood sugar levels

Answer 4

glucose concentrations are raised due to adrenaline

Question 5

what is the difference between type one and type two diabetes

Answer 5

type one diabetes = normally occurs in childhood, people are unable to produce insulin
type two diabetes = usually develops later in life and risk is included with being overweight (insulin is produced by cells are less sensitive to it)

Question 6

what two tests are used to diagnose diabetes

Answer 6

testing urine for glucose and a glucose tolerant test

Question 7

give a definition of obesity

Answer 7

characterised by excess body fat in relation to lean body tissue such as muscle

Question 8

what are the health risks associated with being obese

Answer 8

cardiovascular disease and type two diabetes

Question 9

explain how to calculate BMI

Answer 9

body mass divided by height squared

Question 10

how can BMI wrongly classify people

Answer 10

people such as body builders have a high weight from muscle rather than fat

Question 11

explain ways of reduction obesity

Answer 11

more physical activity and less fat diet