Blood glucose levels

Question 1

What are the effects when insulin binds to receptors on cells?

Answer 1

-increase in the rate of respiration of glucose in body cells
-activation of enzymes that convert glucose into fatty acids, which are stored as fat deposits in adipose tissue
-increase in number of glucose carrier proteins in the cell membrane. more glucose enters cell by facilitated diffusion, decreasing blood glucose concentration
-activation of enzymes in liver and muscle cells increase the rate at which glucose is converted into glycogen (glycogenesis)

Question 2

When glucagon binds to receptors it -

Answer 2

-activates enzymes that convert glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis)
-activates enzymes that convert amino acids and glycerol into glucose (gluconeogenesis)
-causes a decrease in rate of respiration of glucose

Question 3

when is adrenaline released?

Answer 3

When blood glucose is low and in response to stress and exercise.

Question 4

Two hormones have opposite effects. This is called:

Answer 4

Antagonistic pair

Question 5

What detects increase in blood glucose level?

Answer 5

Beta cells in pancreas

Question 6

What detects decrease in blood glucose levels?

Answer 6

Alpha cells in pancreas

Question 7

What do alpha cells do after detecting?

Answer 7

Increase glucagon secretion

Question 8

What do beta cells do after detecting?

Answer 8

Increase in insulin secretion

Question 9

What is likely to lower blood glucose? Explain why

Answer 9

Exercise- increases rate of respiration

Question 10

What food group will raise blood glucose the most?

Answer 10

Carbohydrates

Question 11

Positive feedback

Answer 11

A deviation from normal conditions is amplified leading to a further deviation