Blood Glucose Agents Flashcards
Which organ is responsible for glucose regulation?
Pancreas
T/F: the pancreas is both an endocrine glad and a exocrine gland
True
Endocrine Gland: produces the hormones responsible for glucose regulation
Exocrine glad :
Which pancreas cell produces insulin?
Beta
What does insulin do?
When blood glucose is too high, insulin is released to lower the blood sugar.
T/F: insulin is released after meals causing blood glucose levels to fall
True
What is the job of glucagon?
Glucagon is released in response to low blood sugar levels.
What is hypoglycemia?
Not enough glucose in the blood
Which type of diabetes mellitus makes an insufficient amount of insulin due to the viral destruction of beta cells in the pancreas?
Type 1
Which type of diabetes is insulin dependent? IDDM
Type 1
Which type of diabetes is non insulin dependent diabetes? NIDDM
Type 2
Which type of diabetes is usually a rapid onset and most of the time is seen in younger people and children?
Type 1
Which type of diabetes usually occurs in mature adults and is usually related to life style? This also has a slow progressive onset
Type 2
What signs and symptoms would you see in someone who has Hyperglycemia and why?
Fatigue, lethargy, irritation, glycosuria(glucose in the blood, polyuria(increased urination), polyphagia(increased hunger), polydipsia(increased thirst).
You would see these s/s because having too much glucose in the blood is starving the cells of glucose. When you starve the cells they do not have energy resulting in you not having energy
Fruity breath as ketones build up in the body and are excreted through the lungs is a severe sign of what?
Severe sign of hyperglycemia
Blood glucose defined as 126 mg/dL is considered?
Hyperglycemia
Blood glucose less than 70 mg/dL is considered ?
Hypoglycemia
What are the s/s of hypoglycemia?
Not enough glucose in the blood. Too much in the cells. Creating shakiness, dizziness, sweating, hunger, tachycardia, not able to concentrate, confusion, irritability.
T/F: A two nurse check is needed when administering insulin to children
True!
What is the only oral DM drug approved for use in children?
metFORMIN
What hormone drives glucose into the cells?
Insulin
Insulin is a replacement of someone’s naturally occurring hormone in someone who has..?
Type 1 diabetes- they are insulin dependent
Are there any contraindications for insulin?
No, there is not. This is a replacement hormone for something our body naturally produces
Why would hypoglycemia and keto acidosis as a AR of insulin?
Hypoglycemia, if we give too much insulin. Blood glucose goes below 70
Diabetic keto acidosis, because the could be under-dosed resulting in blood sugar being too high
What is a drug to drug interaction when we give someone insulin?
When given with any drug that decreases glucose levels.
What is a good source for diabetics to help ensure them they are on/have a good diet?
AMD-American Diabetic Association
Why would you NOT give insulin to someone who is not ready to eat?
Giving insulin to someone who is not ready to eat lowers blood glucose levels, putting them at risk for hypoglycemia. This can be dangerous
What does the onset refer to on medications ?
When the medication will begin to work
Why would you NOT give someone with Type 1 diabetes Sulfonylureas?
Because the job of a sulfonylureas is to stimulate the release of insulin at the beta 1 cells in the pancreas. Because beta cells are destroyed in Type 1 DM this drug would have no effect. It cannot stimulate the release of insulin when the body does not naturally make an efficient amount.
