Blood-gas analysis

Question 1

blood-gas analysis steps

Answer 1

examine pH - normal range 7.35-7.45

CO2 - respiratory component

Bicarbonate and base excess - metabolic component

what is the primary disorder - the one that goes in the same direction as pH

is there a compensatory response - going in the other direction

Question 2

pH

Answer 2

<7.35 - acidemia
>7.45 - alkalemia

Question 3

CO2

Answer 3

High - respiratory acidosis
Low - respiratory alkalosis

Question 4

bicarb and base excess

Answer 4

high - metabolic alkalosis - more rare, not producing enough acid to use up acid at normal rate

low - metabolic acidosis - bicarb being used up by high acid levels

Question 5

causes of metabolic acidosis

Answer 5

diabetic ketoacidosis
hyperperfusion
respiratory disease
renal disease
shock

Question 6

causes of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 6

rare

cushings

Question 7

causes of respiratory acidosis

Answer 7

anaesthesia
pneumothorax
oedema

ventilate

Question 8

causes of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 8

pain
fever