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Neuroscience Exam #2 > Blood Flow > Flashcards

Blood Flow Flashcards

1
Q

The CNS uses approximately how much of the cardiac output?

A

17% (850 ml/min)

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2
Q

The CNS burns approximately how much O2?

A

3.3 ml

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3
Q

Changes in blood circulation occur as what?

A

cerebrovascular accidents (CVA; strokes)

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4
Q

Strokes are of clinical significance and the symptoms and signs manifested after a stroke depend on what?

A

upon the vessels involved

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5
Q

Major arterial supply to the brain is derived from what?

A

the two internal carotids and from the vertebral-basilar system

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6
Q

What two systems anastomose (become continuous with each other) around the base of the brain as the anastomotic Circle of Willis?

A

the two internal carotids and vertebral-basilar system

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7
Q

5 arteries involved in the anastomotic Circle of Willis?

A
  • anterior cerebral arteries
  • anterior communicating artery
  • internal carotid arteries
  • posterior communicating arteries
  • posterior cerebral arteries
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8
Q

What 5 arteries are involved in the internal carotid system?

A
  • anterior choroidal artery
  • posterior communicating artery
  • middle cerebral artery
  • anterior cerebral artery
  • striatal (ganglionic or central) arteries
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9
Q

What artery is associated with the choroid plexus and the temporal lobe?

A

anterior choroidal artery

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10
Q

What artery is supplies the posterolateral ganglionic arteries for the thalamus and basal ganglia?

A

posterior communicating artery

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11
Q

What artery supplies blood to the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres?

A

middle cerebral artery

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12
Q

What artery supplies blood to the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres, rostral to the parieto-occipital sulcus?

A

anterior cerebral artery

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13
Q

What arteries are penetrating arteries that supply the subcortical structures: basal ganglia, diencephalon, subcortical white matter?

A

striatal (ganglionic or central) arteries

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14
Q

What 8 arteries make up the vertebral-basilar system?

A
  • vertebral artery
  • anterior spinal artery
  • posterior spinal artery
  • posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
  • anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
  • superior cerebellar artery
  • basilar artery
  • posterior cerebral artery
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15
Q

What artery supplies the anterolateral medulla?

A

vertebral artery

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16
Q

What artery supplies blood tot he antermedial medulla, anterior spinal cord?

A

anterior spinal artery

17
Q

What artery supplies blood to the posterior and caudal medulla, posterior spinal cord?

A

posterior spinal artery

18
Q

What artery supplies blood to the cerebellum and lateral part of medulla?

A

posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

19
Q

What artery supplies blood to the pontine tegmentum and cerebellum?

A

anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)

20
Q

What artery supplies blood to the dorsal midbrain, cerebellar cortex, and deep nuclei?

A

superior cerebellar artery

21
Q

What artery supplies blood to the pons and cerebral peduncles?

A

basilar artery

22
Q

What artery supplies blood to the midbrain, ventral and medial parts of the cerebral hemispheres?

A

posterior cerebral artery

23
Q

What 3 veins are involved in blood supply to the brain?

A
  • Great vein of Galen
  • Cerebral veins
  • Dural veins (bridging from the cortex to the dural sinuses)
24
Q

What arteries supply the cortex of the brain?

A
  • middle cerebral artery
  • anterior cerebral artery
  • posterior cerebral artery
  • striatal arteries of Circle of Willis
25
Q

What arteries supply blood to the spinal cord?

A
  • anterior spinal artery

- posterior spinal artery

26
Q

What arteries supply the medulla?

A
  • vertebral artery
  • anterior spinal artery
  • posterior spinal artery
  • posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
27
Q

What arteries supply the pons?

A
  • basilar artery
  • paramedian branch of basilar artery
  • short circumferential branch of basilar artery
  • long circumferential branch of basilar artery
  • anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
28
Q

A lesion to the medullary blood supply results in what two pathologies?

A
  • lateral medullary syndrome

- medial medullary syndrome

29
Q

A lesion to the pontine blood supply results in what?

A

facial paralysis and paralysis of the horizontal gaze

30
Q

What arteries supply blood to the midbrain?

A
  • basilar artery bifurcation
  • superior cerebellar artery
  • posterior cerebellar artery
31
Q

What arteries supply the diencephalon and telencephalon?

A

ganglionic or striatal arteries of the Circle of Willis

32
Q

What vein empties into straight sinus and drains the subcortical structures?

A

Great vein of Galen

Neuroscience Exam #2 (8 decks)

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