Blood Flow Flashcards
The CNS uses approximately how much of the cardiac output?
17% (850 ml/min)
The CNS burns approximately how much O2?
3.3 ml
Changes in blood circulation occur as what?
cerebrovascular accidents (CVA; strokes)
Strokes are of clinical significance and the symptoms and signs manifested after a stroke depend on what?
upon the vessels involved
Major arterial supply to the brain is derived from what?
the two internal carotids and from the vertebral-basilar system
What two systems anastomose (become continuous with each other) around the base of the brain as the anastomotic Circle of Willis?
the two internal carotids and vertebral-basilar system
5 arteries involved in the anastomotic Circle of Willis?
- anterior cerebral arteries
- anterior communicating artery
- internal carotid arteries
- posterior communicating arteries
- posterior cerebral arteries
What 5 arteries are involved in the internal carotid system?
- anterior choroidal artery
- posterior communicating artery
- middle cerebral artery
- anterior cerebral artery
- striatal (ganglionic or central) arteries
What artery is associated with the choroid plexus and the temporal lobe?
anterior choroidal artery
What artery is supplies the posterolateral ganglionic arteries for the thalamus and basal ganglia?
posterior communicating artery
What artery supplies blood to the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres?
middle cerebral artery
What artery supplies blood to the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres, rostral to the parieto-occipital sulcus?
anterior cerebral artery
What arteries are penetrating arteries that supply the subcortical structures: basal ganglia, diencephalon, subcortical white matter?
striatal (ganglionic or central) arteries
What 8 arteries make up the vertebral-basilar system?
- vertebral artery
- anterior spinal artery
- posterior spinal artery
- posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
- anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
- superior cerebellar artery
- basilar artery
- posterior cerebral artery
What artery supplies the anterolateral medulla?
vertebral artery
What artery supplies blood tot he antermedial medulla, anterior spinal cord?
anterior spinal artery
What artery supplies blood to the posterior and caudal medulla, posterior spinal cord?
posterior spinal artery
What artery supplies blood to the cerebellum and lateral part of medulla?
posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
What artery supplies blood to the pontine tegmentum and cerebellum?
anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
What artery supplies blood to the dorsal midbrain, cerebellar cortex, and deep nuclei?
superior cerebellar artery
What artery supplies blood to the pons and cerebral peduncles?
basilar artery
What artery supplies blood to the midbrain, ventral and medial parts of the cerebral hemispheres?
posterior cerebral artery
What 3 veins are involved in blood supply to the brain?
- Great vein of Galen
- Cerebral veins
- Dural veins (bridging from the cortex to the dural sinuses)
What arteries supply the cortex of the brain?
- middle cerebral artery
- anterior cerebral artery
- posterior cerebral artery
- striatal arteries of Circle of Willis
What arteries supply blood to the spinal cord?
- anterior spinal artery
- posterior spinal artery
What arteries supply the medulla?
- vertebral artery
- anterior spinal artery
- posterior spinal artery
- posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
What arteries supply the pons?
- basilar artery
- paramedian branch of basilar artery
- short circumferential branch of basilar artery
- long circumferential branch of basilar artery
- anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
A lesion to the medullary blood supply results in what two pathologies?
- lateral medullary syndrome
- medial medullary syndrome
A lesion to the pontine blood supply results in what?
facial paralysis and paralysis of the horizontal gaze
What arteries supply blood to the midbrain?
- basilar artery bifurcation
- superior cerebellar artery
- posterior cerebellar artery
What arteries supply the diencephalon and telencephalon?
ganglionic or striatal arteries of the Circle of Willis
What vein empties into straight sinus and drains the subcortical structures?
Great vein of Galen
