Blood cells and what not! Flashcards
What are red blood cells?
Appear red in color because they contain hemoglobin, an iron containing pigment.
What is the job of the spleen?
Removes worn-out red blood cells from circulation after 120 days. Much of the red blood cells such as the iron can be reused.
What is hemoglobin?
Part of red blood cells that picks up oxygen from lungs and deliver it to tissues of the body.
There are how many erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood?
5 million.
How many erythrocytes are in an average size adult?
35 trillion. Males have more than girls.
What are erythrocytes?
Red blood cells. Biconcave discs that are enucleated meaning they no longer have a nucleus. Life span of 120 days.
What is albumins job?
Transports fatty substances that can dissolve in watery plasma.
What is bilirubin?
Portion of red blood cells that is a waste product dispose by liver.
How many liters does an average adult have a blood?
5 liters of blood that circulates through the body within the blood vessels of the cardiovascular system.
What is blood?
What is a mixture of cell floating and watery plasma
What is plasma?
Liquid part of the blood. Consist of hormones, salt, nutrients, waste.
What are formed elements?
Erythrocyte leukocyte platelets
What is hematopoiesis?
Blood formation. Process in which blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow.
What are plasma and erythrocytes responsible for?
Responsible for transporting substances.
What are leukocytes responsible for?
Protecting body from invading microorganisms.
What are platelets responsible for?
Controlling bleeding.
What is liquid plasma composed of
55% of whole blood in the average adult, and is 90 90 to 92% water, the remaining eight to 10% portion of plasma is dissolved substances, especially plasma proteins like albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen.
What are globular?
Three main types, most commonly known gamma globulin -acts as antibody.
What is fibrinogen?
Blood clotting protein.
Dissolves in plasma for transport
Calcium, potassium, sodium, glucose, amino acids, fats, waste products like urea and creatine
What are leukocytes?
Also known as white blood cells. Provides protection against invasion of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, other foreign material. Spherical shape with a large nucleus about 8000 per cubic millimeter of blood
How many types of white blood cells are there
There are five types each with its own strategy for protecting the body period can be subdivided into two categories. Granulocytes and agranulocytes.
What are granulocytes?
With Granules in cytoplasm
What are agranulocytes?
Without granules in cytoplasm.
Granulocytes
Basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils
What are basophils functions?
Release histamine and heparin to damaged tissues.
What of the functions of eosinophils?
Destroys parasites and increase during allergic reactions.
What is the function of a neutorphil?
Engulfs foreign material and damaged cells. (Phagocytosis. ) most numerous of leukocytes
Agranulocytes
Monocytes and lymphocytes
What are the functions of a monocyte?
Engulfs foreign material and damged cells (phagocytosis)
What are the functions of lymphocytes?
Plays several different roles in immune response.
Platelets
Also known as thrombocytes. Smallest of all the forms blood elements. Not Not whcells, formed when cytoplasm of a large precursor shatters into small plate like fragments. Between 200,000 to 300,000 per cubic millimeters in
What is prothrombin?
Clottingg protein in blood
What do platelets do?
Play critical part in blood clotting process, hemostasis. They clump together into small clusters when a blood vessel is damaged.
what does a platelet do?
Releases a substance called thromboplastin, which in the presence of calcium reacts with prothrombin to form a rhombus, thrombin works to convert fibrinogen to fibrin which eventually becomes the mesh like blood clots
Blood typing
Everyone’s blood is different due to the presence of antigens and markers on the surface of erythrocytes. Before a person receives a blood transfusion it is important to do blood typing.
What is blood typing?
Lab tests to determine if donated blood is compatible with the recipient’s blood.
although there are many subgroups of a blood markers, the two most important are?
Abo system and Rh factor
Type A & B abo system
Two possible red blood cell markers, & B. A - marker in which cells identify themselves.
A person with a markers is said to have what type of blood?
Type a blood
Type A produces antib bodies so that
It will attack type B blood
