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Hematology > Blood cell morphology ect.. > Flashcards

Blood cell morphology ect.. Flashcards

1
Q

Hematology

A
  • Study of blood and blood disorders
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2
Q

Hematopoiesis

A
  • Maintenance of cell population
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3
Q

Intramedullary Hematopoiesis:

A
  • Within the bone marrow
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4
Q

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis:

A
  • Outside of the bone marrow
    Liver and spleen Compensate in increased demands
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5
Q

Stem cell pool

A

Stored stem cells for hematopoiesis in the bone marrow

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6
Q

Marginating storage pools:

A
  • Neutrophils stored lined in the walls of blood vessels
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7
Q

Splenectomy

A
  • Surgical removal of the spleen
    ○ Enlarged, infracted or injured
    ○ Reduced function of the spleen
    Liver will take over some of its functions
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8
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increase from the normal M:E ratio

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9
Q

Hypoplasia

A

Decrease from the normal M:E ratio

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10
Q

Anisocytosis

A
  • Size
    • Anemia + leukemia
      Abnormal level of iron, B12, folic acid
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11
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

Shape

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12
Q

Common Test of Hematology

A
  • CBC
  • Differential
  • ESR
  • Reticulocyte
  • INR
  • PT
  • APTTl
  • Fibrinogen
  • D.dimer
  • Semen analysis
    Bone marrow
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13
Q

Lavender Tube

A
  • EDTA
    • Room temp
      8 hrs stable
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14
Q

Light Blue (citrate)

A
  • PT/INR = room temp
    • APTT = run w/I 4 hours or 2 if heparin
    • Fibrinogen
    • D.Dimer
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15
Q

Blood composition

A
  • 55% plasma
    • 44% RBC
      1% WBC
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16
Q

Plasma composition

A
  • 91.5% H2O
    • 8.5% solutes
      ○ Albumin - 55%
      ○ Globulins - 38%
      ○ Fibrinogen - 7%
      Misc (electrolytes, hormones, gases)
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17
Q

Average blood volume

A
  • 4 to 6 L
    • 8% of body weight
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18
Q

Examples of blood disorders

A
  • Anemia
    ○ Bone marrow expand production of RBC 6-8 times in anemic events
    ○ Releasing more immature RBC than normal
    • Leukemia
    • Lymphoma
    • Morphological abnormalities of the peripheral blood cells
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19
Q

Hormones that stim proliferation

A
  • Growth factors (GF)
    ○ Colony stimulating factors (CSF)
    Interleukins
20
Q

Bone marrow

A

○ Red + yellow marrow
○ Peripheral sinuses
○ Collecting sinus
○ Central vein = systemic circulation
○ Hematopoietic cord = hematopoiesis
Outside of the sinuses

21
Q

Iron

A

§ Hemosiderin
§ Brown/blue granules (W-G stain)
Ferritin = bright blue

22
Q

Organs responsible for hematopoiesis

A
  • Bone marrow
  • Liver
  • Spleen
  • Lymph nodes
  • Thymus
23
Q

Two types of marrow stem cells

A
  • Pluripotent : mult cell lines
  • Progenitor : single cell line (no self renewal)
24
Q

3 steps of bone marrow prep

A
  1. Decalcification
  2. Dehydration
  3. Embedding
25
Q

Bone marrow cellularity

A

100 - age of patient + or - 10 = range

26
Q

Location of bone marrow biopsy

A

posterior iliac crest

27
Q

Equipment for bone biop

A

Jamshidi needle
- Aspiration needle
- stylet

28
Q

What happens when no marrow is aspirated

A

dry taps
- core marrow removed

29
Q

What preparations are made during bone marrow biop

A
  • Smears
  • Particle prep
  • Touch preps
30
Q

Average life span of wbc

A

6-10 hours

31
Q

AVG life span of RBC

A

120 days

32
Q

Name the WBC

A
  • Neutro
  • Lymphocytes
  • Monocyte
  • Eosinophil
  • Basophils
33
Q

What is the range for hemoglobin

A
  • M: 140-180 g/L
  • F: 120 -160
34
Q

What is the range for hematocrit

A

M: 0.42 - 0.52
F: 0.37 - 0.47

35
Q

What is the range for MCV

A

80 - 100 fL

36
Q

What is the range for MCH

A

27-31 pg

37
Q

What is the range for MCHC

A

320 - 360 g/L

38
Q

What is the range for PLT

A

150 - 450 x109/L

39
Q

What is the range for RDW

A

11.5% - 14.5%

40
Q

What is the range for %neut

A

40 - 70%

41
Q

What is the range for %Lymph

A

20-40%

42
Q

What is the range for %Mono

A

2 - 8 %

43
Q

What is the range for %Eosin

A

1-4%

44
Q

What is the range for %baso

A

0.5 - 1%

45
Q

What is the M:E ratios

A

3:1 or 4:1

Hematology (3 decks)

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