Blood and Immunity: Supplementary Terms Flashcards
bilirubin
a pigment derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin. Eliminated by the liver in bile
complement
a group of plasma enzymes that interacts with antibodies
corpuscle
a small mass or body. A blood corpuscle is a blood cell
hemopoietic stem cell
a primitive bone marrow cell that gives rise to all varieties of blood cells
heparin
a substance found throughout the body that inhibits blood coagulation; an anticoagulant
plasmin
an enzyme that dissolves clots; aka fibrinolysin
thrombin
enzyme derived from prothrombin that converts fibrinogen to fibrin
agranulocytosis
a condition involving a decrease in the number of granulocytes in the blood ; granulocytopenia
erythrocytosis
increase in the number of RBC in the blood; may be normal, such as to compensate for life at high altitudes, or abnormal,such as in cases of pulmonary or cardiac disease
fanconi syndrome
congenital aplastic anemia that appears between birth and 10 years of age; may be hereditary or caused by damage before birth, as by a virus
Graft versus host reaction (GVHR)
an immunological reaction of transplanted lymphocytes against tissues of the host; a common complication of bone marrow transplantation
hairy cell leukemia
a form of leukemia in which cells have filaments, making them look “hairy”
hematoma
a localized collection of blood, usually clotted, caused by a break in a blood vessel
hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
disease that results from incompatibility between the blood of the mother and her fetus, usually involving Rh factor. An Rh negative mother produces antibody to an Rh positive fetus that, in later pregnancies,will destroy the red cells of an Rh- positive fetus. The problem is usually avoided by treating the mother with antibodies to remove Rh antigen; erythroblastosis fetalis
hemosiderosis
a condition involving the deposition of an iron containing pigment (hemosiderin) mainly in the liver and the spleen. The pigment comes from hemoglobin released from disintegrated RBC
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
a clotting disorder caused by destruction of platelets that usually follow a viral illness. Causes petechiae and hemorrhages into the skin and mucous membranes
infectious mononucleosis
an acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Characterized by fever, weakness, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and atypical lymphocytes (resembling monocytes).
lymphocytosis
an increase in number of circulating lymphocytes
myelodysplastic syndrome
bone marrow dysfunction resulting in anemia and deficiency of neutrophils and platelets. May develop in time into leukemia; preleukemia