Blood Administration Flashcards
What is Plasma primarily made up of?
90% water
- Plasma constitutes about 55% of blood volume
What are the three major types of blood antigens?
- A
- B
- Rh
What would happen if an individual with Rh- blood were to be exposed to Rh+ blood?
the persons body would produce antibodies to the antigens
What would happen if an individual with Rh+ blood were to be exposed to Rh- blood?
Nothing
What is the Universal Blood Donor?
O Negative (Rh-)
What is the Universal Blood Recipient?
AB Positive (Rh+)
What is Type A Blood composed of?
RBC (erythrocytes) with type A surface antigens, and Plasma containing type B antibodies.
Attack anything with B.
What is Type B Blood composed of?
RBC (erythrocytes) with type B surface antigens, and Plasma containing type A antibodies.
Attack anything with A.
What is Type AB Blood composed of?
RBC (erythrocytes) with type A and B surface antigens, and the Plasma have no ABO antibodies.
Dosen’t attack anything.
What is Type O Blood composed of?
RBC (erythrocytes) with neither A or B surface antigens, but contains both A and B Plasma antibodies.
Attacks A & B.
What is Blood Typing?
The process of classifying individuals based on the antigens on their erythrocytes.
What is the difference between a Type and Cross & Type and Screen?
Type and Cross - Specific unit of blood for a specific person
Type and Screen - Test for ABO Type (less specific)
What does Whole Blood consist of?
- RBC
- Plasma
- WBC
- Platelets
EVERYTHING
How should Whole Blood and Packed Red Blood Cells be infused?
25 -50 mL in the first 15 minutes
What is the only reason for Whole Blood administration?
Only given for Hemorrhagic Shock or Severely anemic patients.
Why should patients who are receiving large volume amounts of whole blood be monitored?
Large volume amounts of whole blood can lead to HYPOCALCEMIA, because the citric acid in whole blood binds to calcium.
How long can blood be out warming to room temperature before it can no longer be sent back to the blood bank?
30 minutes
What is another name for WBC’s? and what do they do?
Leukocytes
- Responsible for protecting the body from invasion of foreign substances
What is another name for Platelets? and what do they do?
Thrombocytes
- Assist with blood clotting or the coagulation process
What does Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC) consist of?
- RBC
It will not supply Platelets, clotting factors, WBC’s, or Plasma
When is PRBC indicated for administration?
Hypovolemia leading to Hypoxia
What is Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) consist of?
- Plasma
- All Coagulation Factors
How should FFP be administered?
As fast as the patient tolerates
- 4-10 ml/min
not to exceed 2 hours
Should be given within 6 hours of thawing
When is FFP indicated for administration?
- Active Bleeding
- Documented Coagulation factor deficiencies
