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Semester 3 > Blood Administration > Flashcards

Blood Administration Flashcards

1
Q

patient is transfused new ____________ via ________ access.

A

RBCs, venous

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2
Q

What are 2 reasons why someone might need a blood transfusion?

A

blood loss
anemia

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3
Q

What are 2 examples of how someone may experience blood loss?

A

surgery
trauma

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4
Q

if you do not have on an id band, can you still give blood?

A

no
no id band=no blood

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5
Q

What are 3 reasons a patient may experience anemia?

A

Renal failure, cancers, nutrition defiencies, decreased blood cells

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6
Q

What is the role of RBC’s?

A

carries o2, removes co2, and takes to the lungs

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7
Q

List 4 common signs and symptoms seen with low RBC’s.

A

pale
fatique
sob
increased HR

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8
Q

As a general guideline, a blood transfusion is recommended when the hemoglobin is between _____ g/dL.

A

7-8 G/DL

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9
Q

A normal hemoglobin level for a male is between______ g/dL

A

14-18 G/DL

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10
Q

A normal hemoglobin level for a female is between______ g/dL.

A

12-16 G/DL

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11
Q

Prior to a blood transfusion, prep work is essential in preventing __________.

A

TRANSFUSION REACTION

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12
Q

Nugget of Knowledge: Type and Cross Match may also be called

A

TYPE AND SCREEN

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13
Q

What is an Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

Incompatibility of ABO blood type or Rh factor

Usually occurs within the first 15 minutes of transfusion

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14
Q

what are the s/s of Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

Chills
Dyspnea
Fever
Flushing
Infusion site pain
Low back pain
Shock
Tachycardia
Tachypnea

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15
Q

what are your priority interventions:

A
  • Immediately stop transfusion
  • Administer diuretics
  • Infuse IV normal saline to maintain urine output of at least 1 mg/kg/hr
  • Insert urinary catheter if needed
  • Prepare to treat shock and DIC if needed

in what order? STOP THE TRANSFUSION FIRST!!!!!

THEN CHANGE THE IV TUBING LINE

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16
Q

WHAT IS Acute pain transfusion reaction

A

Some degree of hemolysis occurs during or shortly after transfusion but is not widespread

17
Q

WHAT ARE THE S/S OF ACUTE PAIN TRANSFUSION REACTION

A

Back pain
Chest pain
Hypertension
Joint pain

18
Q

WHAT IS THE NURSING INTERVENTION FOR ACUTE PAIN TRANSFUSION REACTION?

A

STOP THE TRANSFUSION AND GIVE PAIN MEDS

19
Q

WHAT IS Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)

A

Can occur when a blood product is infused too quickly, especially in an older adult

Pulmonary reaction that may be difficult at first to differentiate from transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

20
Q

WHAT ARE THE S/S OF TRANSFUSION ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY OVERLOAD

A

Bounding pulse
Cardiogenic fluid overload
Cough
Cyanosis
Decreased oxygen saturation (<90%)
Dyspnea
Hypertension
Neck vein distention
Pulmonary edema
Respiratory distress
Tachycardia

21
Q

WHAT ARE THE INTERVENTIONS FOR TRANSFUSION ASSOCIATED CIRCULATORY OVERLOAD

A
  • Apply oxygen
  • Administer diuretics
  • Collaborate with health care provider regarding number of transfusions, timing of administration, and administering diuretics before or between transfusions
  • Elevate head of bed to facilitate gas exchange
  • Monitor intake and output
  • Recognize that symptoms can occur 6 to 12 hours after transfusion
22
Q

WHAT ARE THE S/S OF Allergic transfusion reaction (mucocutaneous)

A

Flushing
Periorbital edema
Pruritus
Rash
Urticaria

23
Q

WHAT ARE THE INTERVENTIONS FOR Allergic transfusion reaction (mucocutaneous)

A
  • Administer antihistamine
  • Prepare to administer bronchodilators, steroids, and epinephrine if symptoms progress to bronchospasm, wheezing, and anaphylaxis (very rare)
24
Q

WHAT ARE S/S OF Allergic transfusion reaction (anaphylactic transfusion reaction)

A

Anxiety
Angioedema
Bronchospasm
Cyanosis
Dyspnea
Stridor
Shock
Urticaria

25
Q

WHAT ARE INTERVENTIONS FOR Allergic transfusion reaction (anaphylactic transfusion reaction)

A
  • Administer epinephrine as the priority
  • Be prepared to administer antihistamines, bronchodilators, steroids, and epinephrine if needed
  • Prepare to perform CPR and treat shock if needed
26
Q

what is the most common type of transfusion reaction

A

febrile, nonhemolytic

27
Q
A

Semester 3 (6 decks)

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