Blood

Question 1

Blood is what type of organ tissue?

Answer 1

Connective tissue

Question 2

What % of blood is leukocytes and platelets?

Answer 2

1%

Question 3

What is blood plasma serum?

Answer 3

Blood plasma without clotting factors

Question 4

Albumin

Answer 4

• main protein constituent
• carries: bilirubin, thyroxine, barbiturates
• made in liver
• maintains colloid osmotic pressure of vessel walls
• exerts concentration gradient between blood and EC tissue fluid

Question 5

Hematorcit

Answer 5

volume of RBC in sample blood (packed cell volume, PCV)

Question 6

Normal % RBC for Male hematorcrit

Answer 6

39-50%

Question 7

Normal % RBC for Female hematocrit

Answer 7

35-45%

Question 8

Interstitial fluid derived from?

Answer 8

Plasma

Question 9

gamme-globulins

Answer 9

immunoglobulins, functional immune system

Question 10

aplha, beta globulin

Answer 10

non-immune globulins

carrier proteins, osmotic pressures, coagulation factors

Question 11

Largest plasma protein?

Answer 11

Fibrinogen

converts to fibrin for clotting

Question 12

reticulocyte

Answer 12

immature RBC that still contains organelles

matures to RBC within 24-48 hours

Question 13

Two membrane proteins for RBC cytoskeleton that maintain the integrity of RBC shape?

Answer 13

• glycophorin C

- 3 Band proteins

Question 14

Glycophorin

Answer 14

attaches underlying network to membrane

Question 15

3-Band protein

Answer 15

Binds hemoglobin

anchoring to cytoskeleton

Question 16

Anemia can be caused by a deficiency in which three dietary molecules?

Answer 16

Fe
B12
Folic Acid

Question 17

Spectrin filaments are anchored by what two complexes?

Answer 17

Band 4.1 protein complex

Ankyrin protein complex

Question 18

Spectrin anchoring complex that interacts with Glycophorin C

Answer 18

Band 4.1 protein complex

Question 19

Spectrin anchoring complex that interacts with Band-3 protein

Answer 19

Akyrin protein complex

Question 20

Hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 20

• AD
• affects Ankyrin complex
• defective anchoring points cause membrane to detach & peel off–> SPHERICAL RBCs

Question 21

Hereditary Elliptocytosis

Answer 21

• AD
• failed rebound, progressive elongation which leads to elliptical RBCs
• Spectrin-to-Spectrin lateral bonds, and spectrin-ankyrin-band 4.1 priotein junctions defective

Question 22

Which leukocyte exists in the highest concentration for normal blood?

Answer 22

Neutrophils

Question 23

Which leukocyte exists in the lowest concentration for normal blood?

Answer 23

basophils

Question 24

Leukocyte with grannules, polymorphic

Answer 24

Neutrophils

Question 25

Neutrophils

Answer 25

acute inflammation

-bind to bacteria or foreign organisms and other infectious agents

Question 26

Leukocyte with grannules, bi-lobbed nucleus, respond to allergies and parasitic infections

Answer 26

Eosinophils

Question 27

Granular leukocyte that is nearly all stained purple, functionally related to mast cells, IgE immune response (allergic reactions and anaphylaxis)

Answer 27

Basophils

Question 28

Agranular Leukocyte known as the main functional unit for the immune system (T and B cells), intense large nucleus (looks like an eye)

Answer 28

Lymphocyte

Question 29

Agranular leukocyte with heart shaped nucleus, mononuclear phagocytotic system

Answer 29

Monocytes

Question 30

Smallest fragments of blood, derived from megakaryocytes, involved in hemostasis

Answer 30

Thrombocytes

Question 31

Thrombocytosis steps:

Answer 31

1. Damage–>
2. Platelet adhesion–>
3. Platelet release: serotonin (smooth muscle contraction) and ADP & thromboxane A (primary plug)–>
4. Surface conversion for fibrinogen to fibrin (secondary plug)