Blood

Question 1

Clot retraction occurs within _____.

Answer 1

Occurs within 30mins

Question 2

Platelet-derived growth factor

Answer 2

Secreted by platelets and endothelial cells

Question 3

Factor XII speeds up formation of ___________ enzyme

Answer 3

Kallikrein

Question 4

Killikrein converts……..

Answer 4

Plasminogen into plasmin, a fibrin-dissolving enzyme that breaks up clot

Question 5

Blood clot dissolution

Answer 5

• Positive feedback occurs

- plasmin promotes formation of fibrin

Question 6

Platelet repulsion

Answer 6

Platelets do not adhere to prostacyclin coated endothelium.

Question 7

Thrombin dilution

Answer 7

• by rapidly flowing blood

- –❤ slowing in shock can result in clot formation

Question 8

Two Natural anticoagulants

Answer 8

Heparin & antithrombin

Question 9

Heparin

Answer 9

(From basophils and mast cells) interferes with formation of prothrombin activator

Question 10

Antithrombin

Answer 10

(From liver)

Deactivates thrombin before it can act on fibrinogen

Question 11

Clotting disorders

Answer 11

Deficiency of any clotting factor can shut down the coagulation cascade

Question 12

Hemophilia

Answer 12

Family of hereditary diseases characterized by deficiencies of one factor or another

Question 13

3 Sex-linked recessive (on X chromosome)

Answer 13

Hemophilia A
Hemophilia B
Hemophilia C

Question 14

Hemophilia A

Answer 14

missing factor VIII (83% of cases)

Question 15

Hemophilia B

Answer 15

Missing factored IX (15% of cases )

Question 16

Hemophilia C

Answer 16

Missing factor XI (autosomal)

Question 17

Hematomas

Answer 17

Masses of clotted blood in the tissues

Question 18

Thrombosis

Answer 18

Abnormal clotting in unbroken vessel

Question 19

Thrombus: clot

Answer 19

Most likely to occur in leg veins of inactive people

Question 20

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 20

Clot may break free, travel from veins to lungs

Question 21

Embolus

Answer 21

Anything that can travel in the blood and block blood vessels

Question 22

Infraction (tissue death)

Answer 22

May occur if clot blocks blood supply to an organ (MI or Stroke)

Question 23

Goal

Answer 23

Prevent formation of clots or dissolving existing clots

Question 24

Vitamin k

Answer 24

Is required for formation of clotting factors

Question 25

Coumarin, warfarin (Coumadin)

Answer 25

Are vitamin k antagonists

Question 26

Aspirin

Answer 26

Supresses thromboxane A-squared

Question 27

Other anticoagulants discovered in _______________ research.

Answer 27

Animal

Question 28

Since 1884

Answer 28

Medicinal leeches are used to prevent blood clots (hirudin)

Question 29

Snake venom from...

Answer 29

Vipers (Arvin) prevent clots

Question 30

3 methods for dissolving clots that have already formed

Answer 30

Streptokinase Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) Hementin

Question 31

Streptokinase

Answer 31

Enzyme made by streptococci bacteria - used to dissolve clots in coronary vessels - digest almost any protein

Question 32

Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA)

Answer 32

Works faster, is more specific, and now made by transgenic bacteria

Question 33

Hementin

Answer 33

Produce by giant amazon leech