Blood

Question 1

Blood matrix

Answer 1

Plasma

Question 2

Blood formed elements

Answer 2

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

Question 3

Amount of plasma in hematocrit

Answer 3

55%

Question 4

Amount of buffy coat in hematocrit

Answer 4

1% and comprised of leukocytes and platelets

Question 5

Amount of erythrocytes in hematocrit

Answer 5

45%

Question 6

Define plasma

Answer 6

Straw colored sticky fluid that is 90% water with over 100 dissolved so lutes such as hormones wastes and proteins

Question 7

Albumin

Answer 7

Makes up 60% of plasma proteins and functions as a carrier of other molecules, blood buffer and contributes to plasma osmotic pressure

Question 8

RBC function

Answer 8

Respiratory gas transport

Question 9

Hemoglobin

Answer 9

Binds reversibly with oxygen comprised of four polypeptide chains with a heme group attached to each one

Question 10

Anemia

Answer 10

Blood has low O2 carrying capacity and could be caused by blood loss, not enough RBCs being produced or too many being destroyed

Question 11

Polycythemia Vera

Answer 11

Bone marrow cancer leading to excess RBCs

Question 12

Secondary polycythemia

Answer 12

Caused by low o2 levels like increased altitude or increased EPO production

Question 13

Blood doping

Answer 13

Artificially injecting EPO or removing blood and reinfusing before an event

Question 14

Leukocyte function

Answer 14

Defense agains disease

Question 15

Diapedesis

Answer 15

Normal process of WBC leaving blood vessels to fight invaders in tissue

Question 16

Granulocytes

Answer 16

Neutrophil, eosinophil, basophils

Question 17

Agranulocytes

Answer 17

Lymphocyte and monocytes

Question 18

Overproduction of abnormal WBC

Answer 18

Leukemia and mononucleosis

Question 19

Abnormally low WBC count

Answer 19

Leukopenia, which can be drug induced by anticancer drugs or glucocorticoids

Question 20

Platelet

Answer 20

Fragments of larger megakaryocyte

Question 21

Platelet function

Answer 21

Form temporary platelet plug that helps seal breaks in blood vessels

Question 22

Whole blood transfusion

Answer 22

Only used when blood loss is rapid and substantial

Question 23

Agglutinins

Answer 23

Pre formed anti A or anti B antibodies

Question 24

Antigen or agglutinogen

Answer 24

What immune system uses to identify blood cells

Question 25

Blood typing chart

Answer 25

Review

Question 26

Transfusion reactions

Answer 26

Occurs if mismatched blood is infused which results in new blood being attacked by plasma agglutinins which cam result in agglutinate and clogging blood cells and releasing hemoglobin into the blood stream via a rupture

Question 27

Transfusion reaction complications

Answer 27

Diminished o2 carrying capacity Decreased blood flow behind blocked vessel Hemoglobin in kidney tubules can result in renal failure

Question 28

If blood coagulates with serum then it

Answer 28

Contains that particular agglutinogen

Question 29

Differential WBC count

Answer 29

Looks at the WBC count of the 5 leukocytes

Question 30

Prothrombin time and platelet count

Answer 30

assesses homeostasis

Question 31

CMP comprehensive medical panel

Answer 31

Blood chemistry profit checks various blood chemical levels that could indicate liver or kidney disorder

Question 32

Complete blood count

Answer 32

Checks formed elements Hematocrit Hemoglobin