Blood

Question 1

Which factor is deficient in Haemophilia B?

Answer 1

Factor IX (9)

Question 2

Which factor is deficient in haemophilia C?

Answer 2

Factor XI (10)

Question 3

What is the genetic inheritance of Haemophilia A?

Answer 3

X-linked recessive

Question 4

Which factor is deficient in Hameophilia A

Answer 4

Factor VIII (8)

Question 5

What is the co-factor needed for the Carboxylase enzyme?

Answer 5

Vitamin K

Question 6

What is the role of the Carboxylase enzyme, with regards to blood funciton? Why is it essential in blood clotting?

Answer 6

Carboxylation of the Gla domains of prothrombin.
Carboxylation gives the prothrombin a negative charge allowing it to bind to the positive Calcium ions (bound to negative platelets)

Question 7

Why is it important that prothrombin is negatively charged in day to day blood function (IE not clotting)

Answer 7

To prevent the prothrombin binding to the negatively charged platelets triggering the formation of a clot. (They repellent each other due to their -ve charge)

Question 8

Where is prothrombin carboxylated?

Answer 8

In the ER of liver cells

Question 9

What cleaves the -vely charged parts on fibrinogen molecules?

Answer 9

Activated thrombin

Question 10

Once fibrinogen is converted to fibrin, what happens?
(2 things
0

Answer 10

The fibrin molecules aggregate and come together and bind to form a fibrin mesh.
Covalent bonds form between the strands of fibrin

Question 11

What activates the formation of covalent bonds between strands of fibrin?

Answer 11

Factor XIII

Question 12

Factor….is fibrin

Answer 12

I

One

Question 13

Factor… Is thrombin

Answer 13

II

Two

Question 14

Which factors does thrombin activate in the positive feedback?

Answer 14

5, 7, 8, 11, 13

Question 15

What does anti-thrombin do in its role in negative feedback?

Answer 15

Reduce the amount of factor X that becomes activated

Reduce the amount of prothrombin cleaved to thrombin