Blood 4: Blood Groups

Question 1

How blood group systems are there?

Answer 1

About 15

However ABO and rhesus are most commonly used

Question 2

Natural occurring blood antibodies vs immune antibodies

Answer 2

Naturally occurring: Present in those never exposed to antigen eg. ABO antibodies
Immune: Occur following exposure to antigen eg. Rhesus D

Question 3

What are the most common immune antibody groups?

Answer 3

Rhesus
Kell
Duffy

Question 4

Describe ABO inheritance

Answer 4

pair of genes (one from each parent) form phenotype. Both genes expressed. 3 types of genes A, B or O (no antigen). Mendelian inheritance

Question 5

What is the role of anti-D?

Answer 5

Prevent immune antibodies in someone who is rhesus negative exposed to rhesus antigen (eg in pregnancy)

Question 6

How long can RBC be stored?

Answer 6

Several weeks with citrate-phosphate-dextrose solution

Question 7

What are issues with RBC storage?

Answer 7

Gradual loss of ATP, and loss of cellular K=, can lead to increased serum K+ and decreased serum pH.

Question 8

How long can platelets be stored?

Answer 8

48 hours