Blood 3: WBC

Question 1

What are the 2 main groups of WBC?

Answer 1

1. Phagocytes
   - polymorphonuclear/ granulocytes
   - monocytes
2. Lymphocytes

Question 2

What are the 5 types of leukocytes identified on blood film?

Answer 2

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 3

Describe granulocyte production

Answer 3

Myeloblast formed from common progenitor cell -> promyelocyte -> myelocyte
Control of production depends on number of growth factors including GCSF

Question 4

Neutrophilia is commonly secondary to what?

Answer 4

Bacterial infection, inflammation, necrosis or acute haemorrhage

Question 5

What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

Answer 5

Active - antibodies produced by host

Passive - antibodies present from outside source - eg breast milk

Question 6

What are the 2 groups of lymphocytes?

Answer 6

T cells and B cells

Question 7

Where are T cells produced and what is there function

Answer 7

Originate in marrow, mature in thymus.
T helper - bind to antigen presenting cells and either aid cell mediated response or antibody production
T suppressor - dampen down immune resonse
T effector - Kill infected cells

Question 8

What are cytokines are what are their functions?

Answer 8

Low molecular weight proteins that regulate cell immunity

1. Enhance inflammatory response
2. Induce growth and differentiation of immune cells
3. Influence predominance of either cell mediated or antibody mediated immune response
4. Establishing antiviral activity (interferon is a cytokine)

Question 9

Cell mediated immunity vs humoral immunity

Answer 9

Cell mediated is activation of phagocytes, antigen specific cytotoxic T cells and cytokines in response to antigen/abberant MHC.
Humoral response involves B cells recognising antigen and producing antibodies