Blood

Question 1

blood composition

Answer 1

composed of cells and plasma, an aqueous mixture of nutrients, salts, respiratory gases, hormones, blood proteins

Question 2

Erythrocytes

Answer 2

red blood cells

-these lack mitochondria, a nucleus, and organelles in order to make room for hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen.

Question 3

what are common measurements

Answer 3

• hemoglobin concentration

- hematocrit: the percept of blood composed of erythrocytes

Question 4

Leukocytes

Answer 4

white blood cells

- these are formed in the bone marrow

Question 5

granular leukocytes and agranulocytes

Answer 5

• neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils: play a role in nonspecific immunity
• agranulocytes: lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 6

thrombocytes

Answer 6

-platelets

these are fragments from megakaryocytes that are required for coagulation

Question 7

blood antigens

Answer 7

these include surface antigens A, B, and O, as well as Rh factor (D)

• the I-a (A) and I-b (B) alleles are codominant, while the i (O) allele is recessive. An individual has antibodies for any ABO alleles he or she does not have
• Positive Rh factor is dominant. An Rh-negative individual will only create anti-Rh antibodies after exposure to Rh-positive blood