Blood Flashcards
.Has been called the circulating tissue of the body.
. It is referred to as highly complex mixtures of cells enzymes, proteins, and inorganic substances.
. It is the red fluid of the blood vessels. blood is opaque
Blood
Composition of blood
Plasma 55%
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) 45%
White blood cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (thrombocytes)
Buffy coat 1%.
The fluid or liquid portion of blood where the cells are suspended
Plasma
The yellowish fluid of blood in which numerous blood corpuscles are suspended.
. A straw-yellow liquid formed when blood to which oxalate has been added to prevent clotting is allowed to strand.
Plasma
A straw yellow liquid formed when clotted blood is allowed to stand for sometime and the clot contracts.
Serum
Problems in the study of blood
- Where has to be searched for
- Collection, preservation, packing and transportation of specimens suspected to contain blood.
Four test or examination of blood
Preliminary test
Confirmatory test
Precipitate test
Blood grouping test
Determine whether the stains contains blood or another substance. Determines whether visible stains do or do not contain blood. It is used to demonstrate the presence of blood.
Preliminary test
Determines whether blood stains really contains blood. Test that positively identifies blood.
Confirmatory test
Determines whether blood is a human or non-human origin, and if non-human, the specific animal family from which it originated.
Precipitatin test
Determines the blood group of human
Blood grouping test
Five preliminary test for blood
Benzidine test or benzidine color test
Phenolphthalein test
Guaiacum test
Leucomalachite green test
Luminol test
An extremely sensitive test that can be applied to minutes stain
. Commonly used preliminary test for blood
. Never fails to detect blood even when very old
Decomposed stain with all sorts of contamination is examined
Benzidine test
An alternative test to benzene test
. Can detect blood in a delusion of 1:80,000,000 parts
Positive results with the test is highly indicative of blood
Phenolphthalein test
A fairly delicate test showing the presence of fresh blood in a solution of 1:50,000 dilution
. May not react to very old stains.
Guaiacum test
Not as sensitive as benzadine test
Leucomalachite green test
Important presumptive identification test for blood
. Result in the production of light rather than color
. Is extremely sensitive test
. Capable of detecting blood stains diluted up to 10,000 times
. Is known to destroy many important blood factors necessary for the forensic characterization of blood, so it’s used should be limited only seeking out blood and visible to the naked eye.
Luminous test
Three confirmatory test for blood
Microscopic test
Microchemical or mocrocrystalline test
Spectroscope test
Useful for the demonstration and mensuration of blood corpuscles for making the distinction between mammalian avian and reptilian blood and for the investigation
. In short it differentiates mammalian avian and reptilian blood
Microscopic test
One of the two popular microchemical test
. Delicate test for the presence of hemoglobin
Takayama test
Almost delicate and reliable test for the determination of the presence of blood in both old and recent stains
. Is performed by means of an optical instrument known as spectroscope
Spectroscopic examination
Four group of blood
Group o
Group a
Group b
Group ab
Complex chemical unit in the chromosomes by which hereditary characters are transmitted
. Occurs in pair
Genes
Term used to denote the expression of the inherited characteristic as found in the individual
Phenotypes
