Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology 2 > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two circulatory systems?

A

Pulmonary and Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three components of the Cardiovascular system?

A

Heart, Blood, and Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Whats the fxn of the heart?

A

Pump blood through the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Whats the fxn of the blood?

A

Transport of gases, nutrients, and waste.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Whats the fxn of blood vessels?

A

To receive the blood and collect what is carrying.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What molecules are transported by blood?

A

Gases(O2, CO2), hormones, proteins, and waste products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is blood pH maintained?

A

Hemoglobin and albumin act as a buffer to blood ph, keeping it between 7.35 and 7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What makes up blood?

A

Formed elements and plasma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Whats the major function of formed elements?

A

Increase immune function, Carry O2, and help with clotting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Whats the major function of plasma

A

Plasma helps keep the blood less viscous and carry proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is formed elements made of?

A

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and thrombocytes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the hematocrit?

A

It is the the cell volume when compared to the total volume of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does a high and low hematocrit mean?

A

High mean blood is too viscous and the heart is working too hard, while a low hematocrit means it doesn’t have enough RBC to carry O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is polycythemia?

A

When the hematocrit is too high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Whats the function of Erythrocytes

A

To carry oxygen, also most numerous.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Whats the function of leukocytes?

A

They are the main contributes to immune function, also least common

17
Q

What is the function of thrombocytes?

A

To help with clotting

18
Q

Describe a RBC

A

It has no nucleus or mitochondria, has a bi-concave disk in the center, and features hemoglobin.

19
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

It makes up 1/3 of the RBC and is the pigment that carries O2 in RBCs

20
Q

What is a hemocytoblast?

A

It’s the stem cell that all blood cells are derived. They are located in RBM

21
Q

What is anemia?

A

It is when the blood has a decreased capacity to carry oxygen, possibly causing some tissues to not get enough O2

22
Q

What is erythropoietin?

A

It is the hormone that is produced predominantly by specialized cells of the kidney, and it stimulates RBC synthesis in RBM

23
Q

What happens when a erythrocyte is recycled?

A

It is degraded in a macrophage, being phagocytosed into a heme and globin, which is turned into amino acids and iron.

24
Q

What is bilirubin? What is it derived from?

A

Bilirubin is a yellow molecule that is toxic if left within certain parts of the body. It is incorporated with bile in the liver. Derived from biliverdin.

25
Q

Where is iron stored? Why is iron important?

A

Stored in bone marrow and the liver, and its important because it makes up heme in hemoglobin.

26
Q

What are the five types of leukocytes?

A

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Lymphocytes, and monocytes.

27
Q

What is visual difference of each leukocyte?

A

Neutrophils: Many Nuclei
Eosinophils: Bilobed nucleus
Basophils: Big blob that won’t come into focus
Lymphocytes: Large round nucleus
Monocytes: Heart or kidney shaped

28
Q

What does each leukocyte do?

A

Neutrophils: Phagocytosis
Eosinophils: Phagocytosis and anti-inflammatory chemicals
Basophils: Phagocytosis and production of histamine and heparin.
Lymphocytes: T and B cells
Monocytes: Phagocytosis and macrophages.

29
Q

How are thrombocytes produced?

A

They are cell fragments from megakaryocytes.

30
Q

What re the three stages of clotting?

A

There is vascular spasm(Vasodilation), Platelet plug, and Coagulation

31
Q

Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic clotting

A

Intrinsic is activated by internal damage while extrinsic is activated by the tissue thats damaged. Both result in coagulation.

32
Q

What are clotting factors?

A

They are proteins that form blood clots to stop bleeding.

33
Q

Why don’t clots just form in our veins and arteries?

A

There is naturally forming anti-coagulants in blood

34
Q

What protein stabilizes blood clots?

A

Fibrogen

35
Q

What is hemophilia?

A

Impaired ability for blood to clot.

36
Q

What the difference in a thrombus and embolism?

A

Thrombus is stationary, while embolism is a traveling blood clot

37
Q

How do various anticoagulants prevent clots from forming inapproprately?

A

Inhibiting clotting factors, thromboxane, and breaks clots already formed.

Anatomy and Physiology 2 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions