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CLP > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What is Plasma?

A

Fluid portion of blood. Made up of 90% water, and 10% dissolved constitutes such as protein, vitamins, minerals, hormones, antibodies, wastes, etc.

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2
Q

What is serum?

A

Serum is essentially plasma without the fibrinogen. If we spin down a clotting tube and collect the liquid portion, it contains no longer contains fibrinogen and is now serum.

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3
Q

How many different types of white blood cells are there? What are they called?

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Basophils

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4
Q

What is the purpose of a differential?

A

Tells us how many of each WBC is present in sample.

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5
Q

What is included in a CBC?

A

RBC count
Hematocrit RBC Volume (HCT)
Hemoglobin Concentration (Hgb)
WBC Count

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6
Q

What must you check your purple or green tube for before processing sample?

A

Clots. Can affect results, or potentially damage analyzer.

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7
Q

What artifacts can a difficult venipuncture cause?

A

Platelet clumping
Hemolysis (Shredding of RBC’s)

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8
Q

What artifacts can low sample volume cause?

A

shrinkage of RBC’s
Sample clotting

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9
Q

What artifacts can rough handling cause?

A

Shredding of RBC’s
Platelet clumping

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10
Q

How long can samples be refrigerated for?

A

7 days at 4 degrees Celsius

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11
Q

What artifacts can be caused by a sample that is too old?

A

Change in cell shape and size
Crystallization
Platelet clumping
Change in cell shape to resemble infection (Dohle Bodies)

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12
Q

What is caused by stain artifacts?

A

Globs left of slides
Precipitation or water drops

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a blood smear?

A

Hematology
Evaluation for parasites

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14
Q

What are the 3 regions of a blood smear?

A

Body, counting area, feathered edge

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15
Q

What area of a blood smear do you count cells in?

A

Counting area - Located between Body and feathered edge

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16
Q

What are the 4 parts of blood?

A

RBC’S
WBC’S
Platlets
Plasma

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17
Q

Red blood cells are also know as

A

Erythrocytes

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18
Q

What is the purpose of RBC’s?

A

Transport O2 and CO2

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19
Q

What does PCV tell us?

A

Gives us an idea of how much haemoglobin is in the body?

20
Q

What is Hemaglobin?

A

It is a protein that carries Oxygen.

21
Q

What colour are RBC’s when stained?

A

Salmon pink

22
Q

What are the measurements for RBC counts?

A

RBC X 10^12/ L or RBC X 10^6 / microliters

23
Q

How do you calculate an estimated value for Hemoglobin?

A

PCV divided by 3

24
Q

What are the 3 RBC indices?

A

MCV, MCH, MCHC

25
Q

What is MCV?

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume
indicator of cell size

26
Q

What is MCH?

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
average amount of hemoglobin in each RBC

27
Q

What is MCHC?

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemaglobin Concentration
Average amount of Hemoglobin in a specific volume of blood

28
Q

White blood cells are also known as

A

Leukocytes

29
Q

What is the main purpose of WBC’s?

A

They are immune cells. They fight infection.

30
Q

What colour are WBC’s when stained?

A

Purple

31
Q

How many WBC’s do you need to identify when doing a differential?

A

100

32
Q

How many WBC’s do you need to identify in a differential if the pt’s WBC count is high?

A

200

33
Q

How is the number of each WBC determined?

A

By multiplying the percentage of each type of cell by the total number

34
Q

What colour is plasma?

A

Yellow

35
Q

What does plasma provide to the body?

A

Transports dissolved electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, vitamins, antibodies and hormones.
Also conducts heat.

36
Q

What does PCV stand for?

A

Packed cell volume

37
Q

Why does plasma contain so much protein ?

A

Because vitamins, minerals, electrolytes and nutrients all contribute protein. They are all broken down within plasma

38
Q

Once a microhematocrit tube has been spun down? What should be done before the tube is broken for TP?

A

Gross examination of colour and clarity.

39
Q

What does it mean if the plasma is yellow once spun down?

A

The sample is Icteric

40
Q

What does it mean if the plasma is pink?

A

It means that the RBC’s in the sample are shredding. Which could be due to collection or possibly anemia.

41
Q

Total protein can also be referred to as

A

Plasma protein concentration

42
Q

Platelets are also know as

A

Thrombocytes

43
Q

What is the purpose of platelets?

A

To net together when needed to form a clot and reduce blood loss

44
Q

What do platelets develop when activated?

A

They develop spinous projects to help them stick together

45
Q

What tubes would you use for testing on platelets?

A

Blue Tube - Sodium Citrate
Grey Tube - Potassium Oxolate

CLP (4 decks)

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