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Cardiology > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What components are consisted In The cardiovascular system

A
  1. Blood
  2. Heart
  3. Blood vessels
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2
Q

How does blood play a role in transportation in the human body?

A

a. blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body
b. Transports nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract to cells
c. Heat and waste products to various organs for elimination

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3
Q

How does blood regulate the human body ?

A

a. Regulates blood PH through the use of buffers
b. Helps adjust body temp

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4
Q

How does blood protect the human body?

A

a. Can clot(become gel-like) which prevents blood loss
b. It’s white blood cells help protect the body against disease and bacteria

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5
Q

What is the blood volume in males?

A

5-6L

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6
Q

How much blood volume is in women?

A

4-5L

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7
Q

What is the temperature of blood usually?

A

Blood temp is around 38’C

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8
Q

What is the pH index for blood?

A

7.35- 7.45

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9
Q

What are the functions of blood In the human body?

A

Regulation
Protection
Transportation

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10
Q

What are the components of blood?

A

Blood plasma
Formed elements

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11
Q

What are the three principals that are consisted in Formed elements

A

RBC
WBC
Platelets

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12
Q

What are the RBC and WBC also known as?

A

Erythrocytes and leukocytes

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13
Q

What is The percentage of total blood volume occupied by RBC called?

A

hematocrit

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14
Q

Lymphocytes are the major soldiers in lymphatic system battles. 3 main types

A
  1. B cells
  2. T cells
  3. NK cells
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15
Q

How does blood contribute in homeostasis?

A

transporting
oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and hormones to and from your body’s cells.

regulates
body pH and temperature,

provides protection
against disease through phagocytosis and the production of antibodies

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16
Q

What is the importance of blood and interstitial fluid?

A

They assist in helping multicellular organism that cannot move around to obtain oxygen and nutrients or eliminate carbon dioxide and other wastes.

17
Q

What is blood?
Extra: what is the extra cellular matrix called?

A

Blood is a liquid connective tissue that consists of cells surrounded by a liquid extracellular matrix.
The extracellular matrix = blood plasma: it suspends various cells and cell fragments.

18
Q

What is interstitial fluid? How is it renewed?

A

Interstitial fluid is the fluid that bathes body cells and is constantly renewed by the blood.

19
Q

What is the reverse direction for carbon dioxide to be eliminated?

A

from body cells to interstitial fluid to blood.

20
Q

What does EOP do and where is it produced in the human body?

A

Erythropoietin (EPO) increases the number of red blood cell precursors. EPO is produced by cells in kidneys

21
Q

What is TPO. Where is it produced from?

A

Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a hormone produced by the liver that stimulates the formation of platelets from megakaryocytes.

22
Q

What is hemostasis

A

The process of blood clotting and healing

23
Q

What is the bloods main function in the human body?

A

Transportation

24
Q

What is the average life cycle for RBC

A

120 days

25
Q

What is hypoxia

A

Oxygen deficiency at tissue level

26
Q

What is chemotaxis

A

Inflamed or damaged cells release this chemical to attract phagocytes

27
Q

In hemostasis, there are 3 steps that prevent blood loss. What does this prevent if successful

A

Vascular spasm: arteries and arterioles are damaged; smooth mm of outer walls contract to shrink vessel to reduce blood flow and loss for serveral minutes

platelet plug formation: formation of platelets form a plug

blood clotting: serum makes a blot clot (clotting/ coagulation)
It prevents hemorrhage

28
Q

What blood type is the universal donor

A

O-

29
Q

What blood type can receive from anyone?

A

AB+

30
Q

What is it called when a person has higher than normal levels of RBC

A

Polycythemia

31
Q

These blood cells have a nuclei and full complement of other organnelles but don’t have any hemoglobin

A

WBC / leukocytes

32
Q

Erythropoiesis is the production of RBCs, starts in the red bone marrow.

A

True

33
Q

What is the physiology of RBC

A

Has no nucleus, all internal space is to transport oxygen

34
Q

What is anemia

A

Anemia: lower then normal levels of RBCs

Cardiology (4 decks)

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