Blood

Question 1

ascites Tx

Answer 1

spironolactone (aldosterone antag)

(angiotensin helpful to maintain renal perfusion)

Question 2

factor II =

Answer 2

thrombin

Question 3

HIT type I due to what?

Answer 3

platelet aggregation

Question 4

HIT type II due to what?

Answer 4

antibodies against platelet factor IV
(removal by splenic macrophages)

Question 5

long-term anticoagulation

Answer 5

warfarin

Question 6

other heparin adverse effects

Answer 6

hypoaldosterone (hyperkalemia)
osteoporosis

Question 7

inactivates both factor Xa and thrombin

Answer 7

unfractionated heparin

Question 8

only inactivates factor Xa

Answer 8

LMWH < fondaparinux

Question 9

LMWH is eliminated by the ___

Answer 9

kidney

Question 10

heparin is eliminated by the ___

Answer 10

liver

Question 11

HIT Tx

Answer 11

argatroban, dabigatran, bivalirudin
(direct thrombin inhibitors)

Question 12

argatroban, dabigatran, bivalirudin

Answer 12

(direct thrombin inhibitors)

Question 13

protein C and S function

Answer 13

anticoagulation

Question 14

factor ___ and protein ___ have the shortest half-lives

Answer 14

VII
protein C

Question 15

factor II has the longest half-life

Answer 15

II (thrombin)

Question 16

___ is teratogenic (anticoagulant)

Answer 16

warfarin
(not heparin or LMWH)

Question 17

warfarin-induced skin necrosis

Answer 17

due to early hypercoagulable state
(heparin bridge to prevent this)

Question 18

ASA

Answer 18

irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2
(preventing TXA2 production)

Question 19

-grel (clopidogrel)

Answer 19

ADP receptor inhibitors (P2-Y12)

Question 20

ASA pseudoallergy due to what?

Answer 20

LTs (not IgE)

Question 21

dual antiplatelet therapy

Answer 21

ASA + clopidogrel

Question 22

ticlodipine (ADP receptor inhibitor) adverse effect

Answer 22

granulocytopenia
(CBC is a must!)

Question 23

tirofiban

Answer 23

gpIIb/3a inhibitor

Question 24

eptifibatide

Answer 24

gpIIb/3a inhibitor

Question 25

gpIIb/3a inhibitor adverse effect

Answer 25

thrombocytopenia

Question 26

dipyridamole

Answer 26

PDE inhibitor

Question 27

cilostazol

Answer 27

PDE inhibitor

Question 28

claudication Tx

Answer 28

cilostazol

Question 29

PDE inhibitor adverse effect

Answer 29

coronary steal

Question 30

bile acid sequestrants (-cole) ___ cholesterol and VLDL synthesis

Answer 30

increase

Question 31

what can promote cholesterol gallstone formation?

Answer 31

bile acid sequestrants (and fibrates)

Question 32

ezetimibe

Answer 32

prevents cholesterol absorption

Question 33

PCSK9 inhibitors

Answer 33

decrease LDL receptor degradation

Question 34

fibrates

Answer 34

activate PPAR-A (stimulate LPLipase to decrease VLDL)

Question 35

increase serum HDL

Answer 35

niacin (and fibrates to some degree)

Question 36

increase HDL; decrease VLDL and LDL

Answer 36

niacin

Question 37

___ can cause hyperglycemia, gout

Answer 37

niacin

Question 38

decrease VLDL and ApoB

Answer 38

fish oil