Blood Flashcards
Distribution of blood in a 70kg man
5L total. 1 in lungs, 1 in heart and 3 in circulation
What percentage of a woman’s body weight is her blood mass?
7-8%
What 4 main substances are carried in blood?
RBC’s, WBC’s, Plasma, Platalets
What percentage of our body weight is plasma, and what is the major component in plasma?
4% and 95%
What is the importance of proteins in the plasma?
Drives colloid oncotic pressure in the capillaries.
Which force opposes colloid oncotic pressure (to remove water from capillaries)
Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure
How does the conc. of water vary in the ISF and Plasma?
Same conc. but ISF has 3-4x more water
What are the three plasma proteins?
Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen
What are three main functions of the blood?
Thermoregulation, Defence and pH regulation.
Role of Albumin?
Maintaining oncotic pressure in the blood and overall body fluids.
Role of Globulin?
Role in the immune system as antibodies. Also transports lipids, hormones and lipids
Role of Fibrinogen?
Role in the blood clotting process
What is the name of a cell created in the bone marrow?
Myeloid cell
What is the process of formation of red blood cells?
Erythropoeisis. Erythropoeitin protein assists pluripotent stem cells to allow them to specialise.
How is Erythropoeitin produced and what increases production?
In kidneys. Production can increase due to lack of oxygen in the tissues of the kidneys
What’s the function of a red blood cell+ life expectancy
Living 120 days, packed with haemoglobin, it has an important role in gas exchange.
Name the 5 main WBC’s
Neutrophils, Eusinophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Lymphocytes
Granulocytes vs Agranulocytes
Granulocytes have granules with enzymes which are released during infections or allergies. Agranulocytes have no granules.
Which WBC’s are granulocytes?
Eusinophils, basophils and neutrophils
Monocyte vs Macrophage?
Macrophages are monocytes which have been released into the tissues rather than still in the blood. this happens 1-3 days later. Both involves in innate immunity but macrophages are antigen presenting and monocytes release cytokines (both adaptive)
What is the name of the process of WBC formation? What 2 categories can it be split into?
Leukopoeisis. Split into Myelopoeisis and Lymphopoeisis
Colony stimulating factors importance in WBC formation?
These are glycoproteins that bind to receptors on hemopoeitic stem cells, stimulating them to differentiate
Thrombopoeitin role and where is it secreted
Regulates the formation of platelets in the bone marrow. Protein secreted by kidney and liver
Role of platelets + life expectancy
Adhere to damaged vessel walls and connective tissue to mediate blood clotting. 10 days
What is haematocrit?
Ratio of Red mood cells:Total volume of blood. Norm is 40-50%.
What can affect your haematocrit?
Loss of blood, early death of RBC’s, bone marrow not producing good amount
What is Viscocity and what affects it?
How thick/sti(3.4x thicker). Haematocrit, blood temperature and blood pressure affect viscosity
What is the name of the process of blood formation?
haemopoeisis
What are the 2 subcategories of Hematopoeisis?
Myelopoeisis and Lymphopoeisis
Where is blood still produced in adults?
Pelvic, cranial, spine, ribs and proximal limb bones
