Blood 1

Question 1

how much platelets?

Answer 1

150-400 x 10^9/litre

Question 2

how many RBCs?

Answer 2

2-6 x 10^9/litre

Question 3

replace platelets every?

Answer 3

10 days

Question 4

replace WBCs every?

Answer 4

3-5 days

Question 5

replace RBCs every?

Answer 5

120 days

Question 6

haemopoiesis site at:

1. first few weeks of life:
2. 6-weeks to 7 months of gestation:
3. 7-months - life:

Answer 6

1. first few weeks of life: yolk sac
2. 6-weeks to 7 months of gestation: liver and spleen
3. 7-months - life: bone marrow

Question 7

50% of marrow consists of?

Answer 7

fat spaces

Question 8

best place to get marrow in adults usually?

Answer 8

pelvis

Question 9

pluripotent stem cells give rise to what else besides myeloid?

Answer 9

lymphocytes

osteoclasts

Question 10

where do you find colony forming units? CFUs?

Answer 10

mixed myeloid progenitor cells, not the mature ones and not the lymphoid stem cells

Question 11

What’s bone marrow stroma for?

Answer 11

specific micro-environment for bone marrow to grow

Question 12

when does bone marrow release cells into circulation? how is the latter relationship?

Answer 12

1. adhesion molecules release at certain times

2. bone marrow and blood circulation are continuous

Question 13

2 parts to stroma:

Answer 13

cells: macros, fibroblasts, fat

extra cellular matrix

Question 14

haemopoietic growth factors made of what kind of hormones?

Answer 14

glycoprotein

Question 15

where are haemopoietic growth factors affecting? 2 places

Answer 15

local

circulating action

Question 16

how are haemopoietic growth factor effects mediated?

Answer 16

through different receptors on the CFUs

Question 17

GM-CSF growth factor effect on early vs. late cell receptors?

Answer 17

early: divides

late cells: activation of phagocytosis

Question 18

haemopoietic growth factors mediated by receptors where?

Answer 18

surface receptors with second messengers

Question 19

3 important haematinics

Answer 19

iron
B12
Folate

Question 20

3 things needed for haemoglobin production:

Answer 20

alpha chains
beta chains
iron

Question 21

red cells made of 3 things

Answer 21

membranes
haemoglobin
enzymes

Question 22

iron deficiency from 2 causes?

Answer 22

diet

blood loss

Question 23

iron deficiency and behaviour?

Answer 23

PICA

Question 24

B12 essential especially for?

Answer 24

rapidly producing/dividing cells

Question 25

Folate from what source?

Answer 25

green leafy vegs

Question 26

what drugs messes with folate?

Answer 26

methotrexate

Question 27

what population does not get enough folate?

Answer 27

alcoholics

babies only fed on goat’s milk

Question 28

How much red cells?

Answer 28

3-5 x 10^12/litre