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Health Assessment > BLOCK WORKBOOK QUESTIONS > Flashcards

BLOCK WORKBOOK QUESTIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the two steps in the nursing process.

A
  1. Collection of information

2. Interpretation and validation of information

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2
Q

Subjective data is…

A

What the PT tells you

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3
Q

Objective data is…

A

What I observe

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4
Q

Identify the variety of sources where data can be obtained.

A
  • The patient
    • Family/Friends
    • Caregiver
    • Health professionals
    • Medical record
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5
Q

List the communication skills needed to effectively communicate.

A
  • Courtesy
    • Comfort
    • Connection
      • Confirmation
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6
Q

What are open-ended questions?

A

Questions that allow the patient to describe things in their own words

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7
Q

Why are leading questions an issue when conducting an interview?

A

They can limit information or may tell you what you want to hear.

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8
Q

What is back channeling?

A

Verbal responses to acknowledge what the patient is saying as well as establishing eye contact.

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9
Q

What is probing?

A

A way of encouraging a patient to give you more information.

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10
Q

What is core temperature?

A

Temperature of the deep tissues

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11
Q

What is thermoregulation?

A

Mechanisms that regulate the balance between heat lost and heat produced

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12
Q

What is the purpose of the hypothalamus?

A

Controls body temperature

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13
Q

What is Basal metabolic rate ?

A

The heat produced by the body at absolute rest

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14
Q

What is the purpose of shivering?

A

The involuntary response to temperature differences in the body

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15
Q

Nonshivering thermogenenis occurs in _________. Why?

A

Occurs in neonates because they cannot shiver

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16
Q

What is radiation?

A

The transfer of heat from the surface of one object to another surface without direct contact between the two

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17
Q

What is conduction?

A

The transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact

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18
Q

What is convection?

A

The transfer of heat away by air movement.

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19
Q

What is evaporation?

A

The transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed to gas

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20
Q

What is diaphoresis

A

Visible perspiration on the body

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21
Q

The skin regulates temperature through what 3 methods?

A

Insulation of the body, vasoconstriction and temperature sensation

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22
Q

What is pyrexia?

A

Fever

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23
Q

What are pyrogens?

A

Viruses and bacteria which elevate the body by acting as antigens to trigger the immune system

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24
Q

What is hyperthermia?

A

Elevated body temperature related to the inability of the body to promote heat loss or reduce heat production

25
Q

What is malignant hyperthermia?

A

A hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production that occurs when susceptible people receive certain anesthetic drugs

26
Q

What is heat stroke temp?

A

Temp of 40 degrees Celsius or 104 degree Fahrenheit

27
Q

What is Heat exhaustion?

A

Profuse diaphoresis resulting in excess water and electrolyte loss

28
Q

What is hypothermia?

A

Cold that overwhelms the body’s ability to produce heat

29
Q

Frostbite occurs when…

A

The body is exposed to subnormal temperatures

30
Q

Two common sites to assess pulse rate?

A

Radial and apical

31
Q

When assessing radial pulse what should be considered?

A

Rate rhythm, strength and equality

32
Q

When assessing apical pulse what should be considered?

A

Rate and rhythm only

33
Q

Is inspiration passive or active

A

Active

34
Q

Is expiration passive or active?

A

Passive

35
Q

Define blood pressure

A

The force exerted on the walls of an artery by the pulsing blood under pressure from the heart

36
Q

Define systolic blood pressure

A

The peak of maximum pressure when ejection occurs

37
Q

Define diastolic blood pressure

A

When the ventricles relax, the blood remaining in the arteries exerts a minimum pressure.

38
Q

First Korotkoff sound

A

Clear rhythmic tapping corresponding to the pulse rate

39
Q

Second Korotkoff sound

A

Blowing or swooshing

40
Q

Third Korotkoff sound

A

A crisp and more intense tapping

41
Q

Fourth Korotkoff sound

A

Muffled sounds

42
Q

Fifth Korotkoff sound

A

Sounds disappear

43
Q
  1. List the five nursing purposes for performing a physical assessment.
A
  • Gather baseline data
  • Support, confirm or refute subjective data
  • Identify and confirm nursing diagnoses
  • Make clinical decisions about patient’s changing health status and management
  • Evaluate the outcome of care
44
Q

To address cultural diversity the nurse needs to do what 5 things?

A
  • Consider patient’s beliefs
  • Use of alternative therapies
  • Nutrition and health habits
  • Relationships with family
  • Comfort with physical closeness of exam
45
Q

Proper preparation for examination should include what 6 things?

A
  • Infection control
  • Privacy
  • Equipment
  • Physical prep of patient (draping)
  • Position
  • Psychological (educate PT of the procedure)
46
Q

Regarding auscultation, describe frequency

A

the number of sounds per second by a vibrating object

47
Q

Regarding auscultation, describe amplitude

A

loudness,

48
Q

Regarding auscultation, describe duration

A

the length of the time that a sound lasts

49
Q

List specific general appearance observations and behaviors

A
  • Gender
  • Age
  • Sign of distress
  • Body type
  • Gait
  • Posture
  • Gait
  • Body movements
  • Hygiene
  • Dress
  • Body odor
  • Affect/mood
  • Speech
  • Sign of patient abuse
  • Substance abuse
50
Q

List three actions that should be taken in order to get the accurate weight of a patient.

A
  • Weigh patient at the same time everyday
  • Weigh patient on the same scale
  • Weigh patient in the same clothes
51
Q

The purpose of the Mini-mental State Examination is to measure what?

A

Orientation and cognitive function

52
Q

The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as.

A

An unpleasant subjective sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage

53
Q

The 5 goals of effective pain management are.

A
  • Improves quality of life
  • Reduces physical discomfort
  • Promotes earlier mobilization and return to previous baseline function
  • Results in fewer hospital or clinic visits
  • Decreases length of stay resulting in lower health care costs
54
Q

Describe pain tolerance.

A

The level of pain a person is willing to accept

55
Q

What are the physiological factors that influence pain?

A

Age, fatigue, genes, neurologic function

56
Q

What are the social factors that influence pain?

A

Previous experience, family and social support, spiritual factors

57
Q

What are the psychological factors the influence pain?

A

Attention (is the PT focused on the pain), Anxiety/fear, coping styles

58
Q

What are the 5 components of nutritional assessment?

A

Screening for malnutrition risk factors, Anthropometry, Lab tests, dietary history and physical exam

Health Assessment (11 decks)

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