Block II: trigeminal nerve Flashcards
where does the trigeminal come from and function?
CN V: Nerve of the
1st branchial arch
Arises from the
brainstem on the
sides of the pons.
It is sensory to the
face and scalp and
motor to the muscles
of mastication.
what are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
- oftalmic - superior orbital fissure (access to orbital zone)
- maxilar- foramen rotundum (access to fossa pterigopalatina)
- mandibular - foramen ovale (access to fossa infratemporal)
axon of nprimary sensory neuron in ganglion of trigeminal where does synpase?
neurons in:
Mesencephalic nucleus of V (superior)
Pontine Trigeminal nucleus (pons)
Nucleus of Spinal Tract (inferior pons and medulla)
somas of lower motor neurons are located where?
Masticatoor nucleus and distribute through the 3rd division (mandibular nerve)
which fibers are in the trigeminal nerve?
General Sensory (General Somatic Afferent
GSA)
Branchial Motor (Special Visceral Efferent
SVE):
from where does GSA of trigeminal have info from?
Face and scalp
Conjunctiva
Cornea
Bulb of the eye
Mucous membranes of paranasal sinuses
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity (including tongue [no sabor] and teeth)
Part of external aspect of the tympanic membrane
Meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae
explain the division of the trigeminal
Three divisions:
V1 ophthalmic
V2 maxillary
V3 mandibular
V1 and V 2 are purely sensory
V3 is sensory and motor
Each of the three divisions has a meningeal branch
The trigeminal nerve does not
have a parasympathetic
component at its origin. Still,
some of its branches are used
by autonomic fibers from other
nerves to reach their targets.
from where does branchial motor SVE of trigeminal have info from?
Muscles of mastication (temporalis, masseter, m & l pterygoids)
Tensor veli palatini and Tensor tympani
Mylohyoid
Anterior belly of digastric
explainn the ophtalmic division
branches:
- LACRIMAL (glandula lacrimal)
- FRONTAL
a. Supratrochlear
b. Supraorbital - NASOCILIARY
a. Long ciliary (posterior al globo)
b. Sensory root to ciliary ganglion
and short ciliary nn.
c. Ethmoidal
-Anterior
I. Internal nasal
II. External nasal
b. Posterior
I. Infratrochelar (asi termina)
MENINGEAL BRANCH
(to falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli)
explainn the maxillary division
- ZYGOMATIC
a. Zygomaticotemporal
b. Zygomaticofacial - INFRAORBITAL
a. Superior alveolar nerves
-Posterior
-Middle
-Anterior - PTERYGOPALATINE
a. Greater and lesser palatine nerves
b. Nasopalatine nerve
c. posterior nasaland pharyngeal nerves
MENINGEAL BRANCH
(to middle and anterior cranial fossae)
explainn the mandibular division sensory
- BUCCAL
- AURICULOTEMPORAL
- LINGUAL
- INFERIOR ALVEOLAR
a. Mental nerve
MENINGEAL BRANCH
(to middle and
anterior cranial
fossae)
explain the mandibular division motor component
- MEDIAL PTERYGOID
Tensor Veli Palatini (tensa paladar suave)
Tensor Tympani (tensa el timpano) - LATERAL PTERYGOID
- MASSETERIC
- DEEP TEMPORAL
- MYLOHYOID
Branch to
Anterior belly
of Digastric
lesion in upper motor neuron?
Usually do not result in
paralysis because of
bilateral input from
cortex to masticatory
nucleus
lesion in lower motor neuron?
Result in paralysis and
eventual atrophy of
muscles of mastication
on the side of the
lesion
bonefrcatures in face and scap result in?
Bone fractures can result
in damage of terminal
branches that can lead to
loss of sensation or
anesthesia
