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MC Test #2 > Block 6 Labor and Birth > Flashcards

Block 6 Labor and Birth Flashcards

1
Q

effleurage=

A

a nonpharmacological pain relief measure, stroking the abdoment

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2
Q

Sacral pressure=

A

a nonpharmacological pain relief measure, firm pressure on the back

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3
Q

what is the first stage of breathing?

A

blow to avoid bearing down(when we don’t want the mom to push)

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4
Q

what do you have the mother do when you don’t want her to push?

A

breath(pant)

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5
Q

what is the second stage of breathing?

A

cleansing breath and pushing with exhaling

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6
Q

when is the second stage of breathing used?

A

when pushing

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7
Q

what is the advantage of pharmacological methods of pain relief for women in labor?

A

allows the mother to be more relaxed

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8
Q

what is a disadvantage of pharmacological methods of pain relief for women in labor?

A

it can slow the labor

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9
Q

what is a limitation of pharmacological methods of pain relief for women in labor?

A

potential impact on the condition of the fetus

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10
Q

when do you avoid narcotic (opioid) analgesics?

A

if birth is anticipated within one hour

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11
Q

name an adjunctive drug used during or after birth

A

Narcan. it reverses respiratory depression and can be given to the mother and baby

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12
Q

what kind of anesthesia do they use for childbirth

A

epidural block

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13
Q

when can an epidural block be given during labor?

A

when the cervix is at least 4 centimenters

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14
Q

what are the two main side effects of the epidural block?

A

hypotension and urinary retention

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15
Q

this relieves an epidural block headache

A

a blood patch

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16
Q

what are the four P’s of the birth process?

A

powers
passage
passenger
psyche

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17
Q

what are the powers during the birth process?

A

contractions and pushing

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18
Q

what is the psyche during the birth process

A

the mother’s emotions

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19
Q

What are the three phases of a contraction?

A

increment, peak, and decrement

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20
Q

increment=

A

when the contraction is going up

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21
Q

Peak=

A

when the contraction is at its highest

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22
Q

decrement=

A

when the contraction is going down

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23
Q

when should the Dr. be called regarding the contractions?

A

if the contraction is more than 90 seconds

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24
Q

how is the frequency of the contraction measured?

A

the beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next

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25
Q

how is the duration of the contraction measure

A

from the beginning of one contraction to the end of it

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26
Q

this allows the baby’s head to change shape.

A

the fontanels

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27
Q

vertex=

A

head first position

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28
Q

breech=

A

feet or butt first position

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29
Q

name four signs of impending labor…

A

Braxton hicks
increased vaginal discharge
bloody show
rupture of the membranes

30
Q

what is the priority if the patients membranes rupture?

A

fetal HR. the patient needs to go to the hospital

31
Q

positive number station=

A

the baby is below the spine

32
Q

a negative number station=

A

the baby is above the spine

33
Q

flexion=

A

easiest way to go through the pelvis

34
Q

when should the patient go to the hospital in relation to contractions?

A

when they are five minutes apart for an hour

35
Q

what are the five signs that a pregnant women needs to go to the hospital?

A 
regular contractions
ruptured membranes
bleeding other than bloody show
decreased fetal movement
any other concern
36
Q

what are the three major assessments performed promptly on admission

A

fetal condition(HR)
maternal condition
impending birth

37
Q

what should you do if the head is sticking out?

A

do not leave and call for help

38
Q

three signs that labor is false…

A

contractions are irregular
bloody show usually not present
no change in effacement/dilation of the cervix

39
Q

four signs that labor is NOT false

A

contractions develop a pattern
contractions become stronger and more effective with walking
bloody show is often present
progressive effacement and dilation of cervix

40
Q

when should a fetal HR be reported to the Dr.?

A

when it is less than 110 or more than 160

41
Q

what three things should be monitored on the fetus

A

HR
intermittent auscultation
continuous electronic fetal monitoring

42
Q

accelerations in the fetal HR during labor are…

A

Good

43
Q

stable fetal HR is…

A

Good

44
Q

moderate variability in the fetal HR is…

A

Good

45
Q

late decelerations in the fetal HR is…

A

the worst

46
Q

what needs to be done if the fetal HR is having late decelerations?

A

reposition the mother onto her side
give her oxygen
increase plain IV fluids
stop the pitocin

47
Q

what four things needs to be monitored on the women while in labor?

A

vitals
contractions
progress of labor
intake and output

48
Q

how is the progress of labor determined?

A

dilation and effacement by a vaginal exam

49
Q

how is I&O monitored during labor?

A

check to see if she voided

50
Q

what type of test determines if fluid is amniotic fluid or urine?

A

nitrozene paper

51
Q

what color would the nitrozene paper be if it indicated amniotic fluid?

A

blue

52
Q

how many stages of labor is there

A

4

53
Q

1st stage=

A

dilation and effacement. should be 10cm and 100% effaced

54
Q

2nd stage-

A

expulsion of the fetus

55
Q

3rd stage=

A

expulsion of the placenta

56
Q

4th stage=

A

recovery

57
Q

during the 4th stage of labor what needs monitored?

A

vitals every 15 minutes and make sure the fundus is firm

58
Q

what is the last phase of the 1st stage of labor?

A

transition

59
Q

this phase of labor the mother may curse and reject her partner

A

transition

60
Q

transition usually occurs at how many centimeters dilated?

A

7 and lasts until 10

61
Q

what needs done when the placenta is expelled?

A

need to make sure it is intact

62
Q

how do you identify and prevent hemorrhage?

A

make sure the fundus is firm

63
Q

fourth stage (recovery) nursing care needs to include these 5 things…

A 
identify and prevent hemorrhage
observe bladder function
evaluate recovery from anesthesia
provide initial care to the newborn infant
promote bonding
64
Q

this helps reduce swelling and bruising immediately after birth…

A

ice to perineum

65
Q

these five things needs to be done during the initial care of the newborn…

A

maintain thermoregulation
maintain cardiorespiratory function
observing for urination and/or passage of meconium
identifying the mother, father, and newborn
performing assessment
encouraging bonding/breastfeeding

66
Q

how is thermoregulation maintain in the newborn?

A

dry the baby
put a hat on the baby’s head
put them in the warmer

67
Q

what five things are assessed in the apgar test?

A 
HR
respiratory effort
muscle tone
reflex to the feet
skin color
68
Q

what is the best apgar score?

A

2 points of each of the five areas (10 points)

69
Q

if a baby scores an 8 or better on an apgar test what is done?

A

nothing just observe

70
Q

if a baby scores a 4-7 on an apgar test what is done?

A

gentle stimulation

71
Q

what does vitamin K do for the newborn?

A

decrease the risk of hemorrhage and assist with blood clotting

72
Q

this decreases the risk of hemorrhage and assists with blood clotting in the newborn

A

vitamin K

MC Test #2 (4 decks)

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