Block 4

Question 1

What does the UK Equality Act say about disability?

Answer 1

Providers of services and employers need to make reasonable adjustments to allow equal access for people with disabilities.

Question 2

Human rights and equality legislation (3)

Answer 2

1. Human Rights Act (1998)
2. European Convention of Human Rights (1953)
3. John Rawl’s Theory of Justice (1971)

Question 3

What is the Accessible information standard?

Answer 3

• all organisations providing NHS care must follow this
• aim to make sure people with disabilities are able to read and understand info and communicate choices.
• Covers clinical record keeping as well

Question 4

Medical model of disablity?

Answer 4

Disability is intrinsic to the individual. Restrictions experienced are due to their physical or cognitive impairment. Interventions should focus on treatment.

Question 5

Social model of disability

Answer 5

Disability is extrinsic. We live in a disabling world which is not organised in a way that is inclusive of impairments. Social and attitudinal problems which require a response in policy to solve.

Question 6

Define systematic review

Answer 6

In relation to a specific question, the auditable, reproducible and explicit search, selection, appraisal and synthesis of al the available evidence.
The methods used include steps to minimize bias in all parts of the process.

Question 7

3 functions of systematic review

Answer 7

1. synthesise evidence
2. understand heterogeneity (difference) in treatment effect
3. set the research and practice agenda

Question 8

Role of SR in medicine

Answer 8

Coalface of evidence based medicine

Question 9

What is PICOS

Answer 9

Population
Intervention
Comparator
Outcomes
Study Design

Question 10

Name the Methodology flowchart?

Answer 10

PRISMA flowchart

Question 11

5 elements to review in meta-analysis?

Answer 11

Outcome being examined, timeframe, summary effect size, number of trials, heterogeneity = Forest plot

Question 12

4 limitations of SR

Answer 12

1. disguise or oversimplify
2. Similar topics find different conclusions die to method
3. overgeneralise
4. Don’t always that consistent answers with large scale studies

Question 13

What assesses publication bias?

Answer 13

Funnel plot (triangle shape)

Question 14

Results of worklessness?

Answer 14

Poor physical, mental health, social interaction, self confidence, money, resources.
More need for medical care
Affects the next generation.

Question 15

Factors that encourage the ‘sick role’

Answer 15

Culture and beliefs - misconceptions and poor retention for people with disabilities
Inadequate systems - no pathway to help return to work
Lack of primary care involvement - rehab, OH advice

Question 16

What did the White paper 2017 outline?

Answer 16

Improving lives - Future of Work, Health and Disability. Outlined disability employment gap. Importance of support for people with disabilities in role and support returning

Question 17

Define occupational health

Answer 17

Promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social wellbeing of workers in all occupations. Adaptation to the individual.

Question 18

Work related ill health in the UK today examples?

Answer 18

Mental health, MSK (skin, infection, resp)

Question 19

5 categories of hazards

Answer 19

Physical, chemical, mechanical, biological, psycho-social/organisational

Question 20

What disease does asbestos exposure cause?

Answer 20

Mesothelioma

Question 21

What is a fit note?

Answer 21

Medical certificate showing unfit to work. Enables statutory sick pay and how long sick period will be. Advises employer about adjustments

Question 22

What does Disability Act 2010 say about disability discrimination?

Answer 22

• ‘physical or mental impairment with substantial and long term effects on ADL’
• Assess without meds/prosthetics/aids
• Employer makes reasonable adjustments

Question 23

Role of OH Team

Answer 23

Independent and impartial advice for employer and employee. Investigate and diagnoses and help with return to work.

Question 24

Role of Health and Safety Executive?

Answer 24

• Shape and review regulations
• produce research and stats
• enforce the law

Question 25

What is ‘Access to Work Scheme’?

Answer 25

Government body that help funds adaptations e.g. aids, travel help, MH support, equipment adaptations