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BS1070 > Block 3 - Animal development and speciation > Flashcards

Block 3 - Animal development and speciation Flashcards

1
Q

Acoelomate

A

An animal without a body cavity

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2
Q

Animal pole.

A

The part of the early embryo that gives rise to the body

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3
Q

Anterior.

A

The front or head of an animals

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4
Q

Archenteron.

A

The developing digestive tube

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5
Q

Bilateria.

A

Bilaterally symmetric animals

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6
Q

Blastocoel.

A

A fluid-filled bubble inside the blastula

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7
Q

Blastopore lip.

A

An embryonic structure where the endoderm and mesoderm invaginate inwards

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8
Q

Blastula.

A

An early stage unpatterned embryo

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9
Q

Branchial arches

A

= gill pouches

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10
Q

Cleavage.

A

The early rounds a cell division in an embryo

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11
Q

Cnidarians

A

= jellyfish

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12
Q

Coelom.

A

The body cavity

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13
Q

Coelomate.

A

An animal with a true body cavity

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14
Q

Ctenophores

A

= Comb jellies

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15
Q

Determinate.

A

When an embryonic cell can only give rise to one part of the body

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16
Q

Deuterostome.

A

A type of embryo in which the anus develops before the mouth

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17
Q

Differentiation.

A

The process in which cells acquire their unique identities

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18
Q

Diploblast.

A

An embryo with only two germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm)

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19
Q

Dorsal.

A

The back or upper side of an animal

20
Q

Ectoderm.

A

The most exterior of the germ layers, gives rise to the nervous system and skin

21
Q

Endoderm.

A

The most interior of the germ layers, gives rise to the gut and associated organs

22
Q

Enterocoelus.

A

Formation of the archenteron by an infolding of the coelum

23
Q

Eumetazoa.

A

Animals with true tissues

24
Q

Gastrula.

A

An embryo undergoing the process of gastrulation to form three germ layers

25
Q

Holoblastic cleavage.

A

A type of cell division in which the whole embryo divides in two

26
Q

Meroblastic cleavage.

A

A type of embryo in which cells divide on top of a large yolk cell

27
Q

Mesoderm.

A

The middle germ layer, gives rise to muscles and other organs

28
Q

Morphogenesis.

A

The process of giving a shape to the developing embryo

29
Q

Morula.

A

An early stage in embryonic development in which the embryo looks like a blackberry

30
Q

Neurulation.

A

The process of neural plate formation

31
Q

Neural crest.

A

Specialised ectoderm cells that migrate through the body and form the skull, cranial
nerves

32
Q

Neural plate.

A

The embryonic structure that will form the neural tube

33
Q

Neural tube.

A

The embryonic structure that will form the brain and spinal cord

34
Q

Notochord.

A

The embryonic structure that will form the back bone

35
Q

Parazoa

A

= sponges, porfira

36
Q

Phylotypic stage.

A

The stage of development when embryos from different species look very similar

37
Q

Posterior.

A

The tail or foot or an animal

38
Q

Protostome.

A

A type of embryo in which the mouth develops before the anus

39
Q

Pseudocoelomate.

A

An animal with a false body cavity

40
Q

Radiata.

A

Radially symmetric animals

41
Q

Schizocoelus.

A

Formation of the archenteron by a spitting of a solid mass of mesoderm

42
Q

Somite.

A

The early mesoderm tissue blocks that go on to form muscle

43
Q

Triploblast.

A

An embryo with three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm)

44
Q

Vegetal pole.

A

The part of the embryo that contains (slow dividing) yolk cells

45
Q

Ventral.

A

The stomach or under side of an animal

46
Q

Zygote.

A

The fertilised egg that will become the embryo

BS1070 (10 decks)

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