Block 3 - Animal development and speciation Flashcards
Acoelomate
An animal without a body cavity
Animal pole.
The part of the early embryo that gives rise to the body
Anterior.
The front or head of an animals
Archenteron.
The developing digestive tube
Bilateria.
Bilaterally symmetric animals
Blastocoel.
A fluid-filled bubble inside the blastula
Blastopore lip.
An embryonic structure where the endoderm and mesoderm invaginate inwards
Blastula.
An early stage unpatterned embryo
Branchial arches
= gill pouches
Cleavage.
The early rounds a cell division in an embryo
Cnidarians
= jellyfish
Coelom.
The body cavity
Coelomate.
An animal with a true body cavity
Ctenophores
= Comb jellies
Determinate.
When an embryonic cell can only give rise to one part of the body
Deuterostome.
A type of embryo in which the anus develops before the mouth
Differentiation.
The process in which cells acquire their unique identities
Diploblast.
An embryo with only two germ layers (endoderm and ectoderm)
Dorsal.
The back or upper side of an animal
Ectoderm.
The most exterior of the germ layers, gives rise to the nervous system and skin
Endoderm.
The most interior of the germ layers, gives rise to the gut and associated organs
Enterocoelus.
Formation of the archenteron by an infolding of the coelum
Eumetazoa.
Animals with true tissues
Gastrula.
An embryo undergoing the process of gastrulation to form three germ layers
Holoblastic cleavage.
A type of cell division in which the whole embryo divides in two
Meroblastic cleavage.
A type of embryo in which cells divide on top of a large yolk cell
Mesoderm.
The middle germ layer, gives rise to muscles and other organs
Morphogenesis.
The process of giving a shape to the developing embryo
Morula.
An early stage in embryonic development in which the embryo looks like a blackberry
Neurulation.
The process of neural plate formation
Neural crest.
Specialised ectoderm cells that migrate through the body and form the skull, cranial
nerves
Neural plate.
The embryonic structure that will form the neural tube
Neural tube.
The embryonic structure that will form the brain and spinal cord
Notochord.
The embryonic structure that will form the back bone
Parazoa
= sponges, porfira
Phylotypic stage.
The stage of development when embryos from different species look very similar
Posterior.
The tail or foot or an animal
Protostome.
A type of embryo in which the mouth develops before the anus
Pseudocoelomate.
An animal with a false body cavity
Radiata.
Radially symmetric animals
Schizocoelus.
Formation of the archenteron by a spitting of a solid mass of mesoderm
Somite.
The early mesoderm tissue blocks that go on to form muscle
Triploblast.
An embryo with three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm)
Vegetal pole.
The part of the embryo that contains (slow dividing) yolk cells
Ventral.
The stomach or under side of an animal
Zygote.
The fertilised egg that will become the embryo
