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MRCS TestPas Incorrect answer revisions > Block 1 > Flashcards

Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Karposi Sarcoma

Cell type and tissue effected

A

Spindle cell tumour

Found in mucus membranes

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2
Q

What level is the Transthoracic plane?

A

T4/5

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3
Q

Angle of louis is found where and marks what within mediatinum

A

T4/5
Superior and inferior
Also level of corina, aoritc arch, thoracic duct moves from R –> L and loops of the laryngeal nerve

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4
Q

Iron deficient anaemia biochemical markings

A

Low MCV, low ferritin, high Transferrin

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5
Q

Anaemia of chronic disease biochem markings

A

Normal MCV, high ferritin, low Transferrin

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6
Q

How does ketoconazole work?

A

Stops lanosterol being made in to ergosterol (component for wall membranes)

Blocks cytochrome p450 enzyme 14Ademethylase

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7
Q

Griseofulvin - how does it work?

A

Targets microtubulus and prevents mitosis

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8
Q

Amphotericin B and Nystatin act how

A

impair cell membrane by making a complex with ergosterol (found in the walls)

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9
Q

Flucytosine - acts how

A

inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis

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10
Q

Saliva, a mostly serous fluid, is made where

A

Submandibular glands

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11
Q

What does Hartmanns contain?

A

Sodium 131, Potassium 5, Cl 112, Calcium 2 and lactate 28. (not glucose)

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12
Q

Calots triangle

What is it and where is it found?

A

Cystohepatic triangle made up of cystic duct, common hepatic duct, liver

Contains
R hepatic artery, cystic artery, cystic lymph tissue, lymph tissue

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13
Q

What is Hartmanns pouch?

A

Found between gallbladder neck and cystic duct

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14
Q

In thoracic outlet syndrome - compression is found where?

Pain is found where?

A

C8 and T1

Ulner aspect pain

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15
Q

What does cubital tunnel syndrome compress and where does the compression happen?

A

Median nerve at the medial epicondyle

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16
Q

Erbs palsy - which nerve roots affected

A

C5/6

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17
Q

Klumpkes - damage is where on the brachial plexus

A

Lower. paralysis of hand muscles from damage to C8 and T1

18
Q

Complication of progesterone only oral contraceptives - can develop a polyp

A

Endocervical polyp - micrograndular hyperplasia.

19
Q

Commonest thyroid cancer

A

Papillary carcinoma - commonest at 80%, Females 35- 40, strong link to childhood radiation,

Mets to cervica lymph nodes

20
Q

Opioids act on which receptors in CNS and the Gut

A

U

21
Q

In the carotid wave - Tricuspid stenosis gives what shape

A

Slow y descent

22
Q

Scale of splenic injury (1 - 3 and shattered)

A

<1cm
1-3cm
>3cm
Shattered

Also note other parameters exist

23
Q

What is the blood supply to the breasts

A

Lateral thoracic artery and internal mammary artery

24
Q

what are the mammogram views

A

Craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique

25
Q

Foregut - anatomy markings

A

Mouth to inferior of major duodenal papillae

26
Q

What is Eisenmongers syndrome?

A

Long standing L –> R shunt, VSD and ASD

27
Q

Midline neck swelling - what could it be?

A 
Thyroglossal Cysts / neoplasms
Pharyngeal pouches
plunging ranulae
subhyoid bursae
laryngoceles
thyroid isthmus
28
Q

Facial nerve - buccal

Can be damaged in which surgeries?

A

Parotid, middle ear and temporal bone surgeries

29
Q

What is glue ear

A

Otitis Media with effusion

assocaited with large adenoids

30
Q

Which IBD disease is associated with Glasstones and kidney stones

A

Crohns

Crohns ROCKS

31
Q

IBD - describe the microscopic differences

A

UC - mucosal and submucosal inflammation

Crohns - deeper with transmural

32
Q

List some of the extraintestinal findings in UC

A

UC - PSC, arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, uveitis, episcleritis

33
Q

What happens to heart r, resp rateate and blood pressure in raised intracranial pressure?

A

Cushings

hypertensive, bradycardic and reduced rr

34
Q

What is Empty-sella syndrome

A

Pituitary normally sits in the sella turica - syndrome if its not seen on imaging

35
Q

Myocardial blood flow is increased or decreased by pain and vasopressin

A

REDUCED

36
Q

Anatomy of the lesser sac - what are the anterior relations

A

Visceral periotneum, gastrocolic omentum and lesser omentum

37
Q

Obturator hernia - develops pain where

A

medial thigh due to comperession on the nerve - common if patients lose weight quickly

38
Q

Briefly describe arterial ulcers

A

Deep punched painful pressure areas

39
Q

what does Cryopercipitate contain

A

Fibrinogen, factor VIII and VWF

40
Q

Melanossis Coli - what picture does this give in bowel

A

brown discolouration on the wall of the sigmoid in a moire pattern

41
Q

ACL tea more common in men or women

A

Women due to the angle of the legs

MRCS TestPas Incorrect answer revisions (2 decks)

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