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PPS 939 > Block 1 > Flashcards

Block 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Obese Class I BMI

A

30-35

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2
Q

Obese Class II BMI

A

35-40

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3
Q

Obese Class III BMI

A

greater than/equal to 40

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4
Q

F to C conversion

A

C = 5/9 (F-32)

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5
Q

Normal adult RR:

A

12-20

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6
Q

Normal adult 12+ radial pulse:

A

60-100

athletes 50-60

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7
Q

Normal BP reading

A

120 and 80

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8
Q

Pre-HTN reading

A

120-139 OR 80-89

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9
Q

Stage I HTN reading

A

140-159 or 80-89

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10
Q

Stage II HTN reading

A

160+ or 100+

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11
Q

JNC-8 BP GoT for hypertensive patient less than 60

A

140/90

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12
Q

JNC-8 BP GoT for hypertensive patient 60+

A

150/90

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13
Q

JNC-8 BP GoT for hypertensive patient with DM

A

140/90

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14
Q

JNC-8 BP GoT for hypertensive patient with CKD

A

140/90

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15
Q

ADA BP GoT for hypertensive patients

A

140/80 with DM

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16
Q

KDIGO BP GoT for hypertensive patients

A

CKD w/ albuminuria less than 30 mg/day
– 140/90
CKD w/ albuminuria 30+ mg/day
– 130/80

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17
Q

ACCF/AHA BP GoT for hypertensive patients:

A

140/90 for 60+

13/80 for HF w/ preserved or reduced EF

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18
Q

ASH/ISH BP GoT for hypertensive patients:

A

140/90 for 60+

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19
Q

What does KDIGO stand for?

A

The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes

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20
Q

What does JNC-8 stand for?

A

8th Joint National Committee

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21
Q

What does ACCF stand for?

A

American College of Cardiology Foundation

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22
Q

What does ASH/ISH stand for?

A

ASH: American Society of Hypertension
ISH: Intl Society of HTN

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23
Q

Downfalls of JNC-8:

A
    • only considered studies w/ mortality outcomes

- - not endorsed by NHLBI or AHA

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24
Q

Why does ADA recommend a lower diastolic BP GoT?

A

reduced nephropathy, hospitalizations, and lengths of stay

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25
How many lobes in right/left lungs?
``` Right = 3 Left = 2 ```
26
What are discontinuous adventitious breath sounds?
crackles (rales)
27
What are continuous adventitious breath sounds?
wheezes rhonchi friction rub
28
What is bronchophony?
loud and clear sounds heard on auscultation of patient saying "99" -- should be muffled = lung consolidation
29
What is pectoriloquy?
loud and clear sounds heard on auscultation of patient saying "99" -- should be faint = lung consolidation
30
What is egophony?
"A" sound heard when patient says "eee" -- should hear long muffled E = lung consolidation
31
DOE
dyspnea on exertion
32
PND
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
33
What is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
same as orthopnea but happens only at night
34
What muscles are involved in the tripod position?
trapezius scalenus sternomastoid
35
What is clubbing?
big ole fingernails
36
WNL
within normal limits
37
CCE
cyanosis, clubbing, and edema
38
BS
breath sounds
39
NAD
No acute distress; no apparent disease
40
VS
vital signs
41
VSS
vital signs stable
42
HEENT
head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
43
PERRLA
pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
44
SCM
sternocleidomastoid
45
SHEENT:
skin, HEENT
46
AC
air conduction
47
CTA
clear to auscultation
48
E --≥ A
egophony
49
PA
posteroanterior
50
pectus carinatum
chest protrusion
51
pectus excavatum
chest indentation
52
Abnormal findings on percussion would include:
1) hyperresonance (overinflation, COPD) | 2) tympanic (no lung tissue, pneumothorax)
53
When would sounds be absent upon auscultation?
pneumothorax
54
When would sounds be diminished upon auscultation?
shallow breathing, hyperinflation, or pleural disease
55
Asthma findings:
- - dry cough during exercise or early am (2-6 am when lungs at lowest VC) - - expiratory wheezing - - atopic dermatitis/allergic rhinitis (?) - - chest tightness
56
Emphysema findings:
1) ok peripheral O2 2) tripod position but may be barrel chested 3) prolonged expiration
57
Chronic bronchitis findings:
1) barrel chest 2) sputum production via cough 3) bad peripheral O2
58
What is normal O2 sat in COPD?
92-94%
59
Bacterial pneumonia findings:
1) coughing, yellow/brown/bloody mucous, fever/chills, malaise, tachycardia 2) increased fremitus on infected side; dull to percussion 3) crackles, wheezing
60
Acute bronchitis findings:
1) 1-3 weeks after viral URI 2) green mucous, low fever 3) expiratory wheezes
61
TB findings:
1) dry cough worse at night | 2) close quarters in endemic areas
62
Lung cancer findings:
1) dry cough 2) weight loss 3) smoker
63
GERD findings
1) dry cough within 1 hr of lying down | 2) improvement with antacid
64
Drug-induced cough
1) dry and mild 2) days-year onset 3) cough drugs don't help
65
Pertussis findings:
1) dry cough w/ sudden onset for up to 8 weeks and worse at night 2) vomiting 3) trouble breathing after coughing
66
Upper airway cough syndrome (post-nasal drip) findings:
1) dry and nonproductive during day 2) productive at night and most notable within 1 hr of lying down 3) recent viral URI
67
Post-infectious cough syndrome findings:
2-8 weeks after viral infection due to bronchial hypersensitivity
68
Influenza/viral pneumonia findings:
``` abrupt onset severe symptoms (fever/chills, malaise, myalgia) ```
69
CHF findings:
1) pulmonary edema + cardiac hypertrophy 2) dry cough but productive w/ edema 3) occurs 2-4 hr after lying down 4) sleeping with pillow helps
70
Atypical pneumonia findings:
1) productive cough develops over days-weeks 2) fever, malaise, pains, GI 3) cough drugs don't help 4) crackles, rhonchi, wheezing, infiltrates
71
Respiratory distress findings:
tachypnea, tachycardia tripod cyanosis, clubbing
72
List methods for taking temp:
1) oral 2) rectal 3) axillary 4) tympanic
73
Compare rectal, axillary, and tympanic to oral temp readings.
rectal: +0.7-0.9 F axillary: 1+ F tympanic: 1.4+ F
74
How long for oral temp measurement?
3-5 minutes under tongue
75
How long for axillary temp measurement?
kids: 5 min adults: 10 min
76
How long for tympanic temp measurement:
2-3 seconds if free of earwax
77
How long for rectal temp measurement?
3 mins
78
What temp = fever?
100.4+
79
Fever symptoms when 104+
seizures, coma
80
Fever symptoms when 106+
brain death
81
hyperthermia:
increase in body temp over set point
82
hypothermia:
decrease in body temp under set point (95 F or below)
83
hyperpyrexia:
excessive and unusual elevation in set temp (106+)
84
What are the types of sphygmomanometers?
1) aneroid 2) Hg (gold standard) 3) electronic
85
What defines orthostasis?
if BP drops 30-60s after standing... -- sys 20+ mmHg -- dia 10+ mmHg and confirmed when repeated after 1 minute

PPS 939 (4 decks)

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