Block 1 Flashcards
What is riboflavin?
Vitamin B2
What is thiamin?
Vitamin B1
What is pyridoxine?
Vitamin B6
What is nicotinic acid?
Niacin
What is thiamin’s coenzyme?
Thiamine pyrophosphate
What is riboflavin’s coenzyme?
Flavin adenine dinicleotide (FAD)
What is pyrodoxine’s coenzyme?
Pyridoxal phosphate
What is nicotinic acid’s coenzyme?
Nicotinamide adenine dinicleotide (NAD+)
What is the reaction type of thiamin?
Aldehyde transfer, forms covalent intermediate with keto groups
What is the reaction type of riboflavin?
Oxidation-reduction
What is the reaction type of pyridoxine?
Group transfer to or from amino acids, forms covalent intermediate with amino groups
What is the reaction type of nicotinic acid?
Oxidation-reduction
What is the consequence of thiamin deficiency?
Beriberi (weight loss, heart problems, neurological dysfunction)
What is the consequence of riboflavin deficiency?
Cheliosis and angular stomatitis (lesions of mouth), dermatitis
What is the consequence of pyridoxine deficiency?
Depression, confusion, convulsions
What is the consequence of nicotinic acid deficiency?
Pellagra (dermatitis, depression, diarrhea)
How does biotin work?
Activates and transfers CO2 during thiol ester formation using CoA
What type of enzyme is lactate dehydrogenase?
Oxidoreductase, does oxidation-reduction
What type of enzyme is chymotrypsin?
Hydrolase, transfers functional groups to water
How does a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mutation lead to anemia?
Makes less temperature stable; required to make NADPH as substrate for glutathione reductase. Reduced GSH reacts with ROS. Without it, peroxides react with unsaturated FAs in RBC membrane and destroy them.
