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blender Flashcards

1
Q

press the button that focuses in on an object

A

. next to the zero

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2
Q

press the button the button that brings the view menu

A

`, key under the esc key

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3
Q

what happens when you click g+ scroll with the proportional editing tool on

A

the area the proportional editing tool effects gets bigger or smaller

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4
Q

How do you get an object to look smooth

A

go into object mode right click and select shade smooth or shade flat or apply a sub surface modifier: go to modifiers apply subdivision surface

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5
Q

how do you duplicate and separate

A

shift D

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6
Q

how do you make something made in edit mode into it’s own object

A

p

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7
Q

How do you select an entire mesh based on one vertex

A

Ctrl +L

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8
Q

what modifier gives thickness to any mesh

A

solidify

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9
Q

What key do you press for select all, for deselect

A

A,

Alt A

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10
Q

What keys do you press to select the entire loop of the edge

A

Alt +left click

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11
Q

How do you invert the selection

A

ctrl I

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12
Q

How do you hide something, unhide, and what is hiding used for

A

H, Alt H, and hide is used so you don’t effect certain things with the proportional editing tool

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13
Q

What do you do if you want one mesh to sit on top of another without going through

A

go to snap to, click face, and click project individual elements so it applies to all the vertices

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14
Q

in the solidify modifier how do you make it hug the mesh underneath?

A

click crease

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15
Q

What happens if you are in sculpt mode,draw, and click ctrl?

A

It pushes in instead of pulling out

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16
Q

In sculpt and weight paint mode, what does Shift F do

A

Controls the strength

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17
Q

In sculpt and weight paint mode, what does F do

A

controls the radius/” size of the affected area”

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18
Q

in sculpt mode what does the draw tool do?

A

either pull out or push in

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19
Q

In sculpt mode what does the inflate tool do

A

inflate the mesh

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20
Q

in sculpt mode what does the grab tool do

A

grabs the vertex and pulls it in whatever direction you pull in

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21
Q

what key do you press to show the menu to switch between material, wireframe and rendered

A

z

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22
Q

How do you move the 3d cursor

A

Shift right click, or shift c

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23
Q

What key do you press to put the 3d cursor in the center of the grid

A

Shift C

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24
Q

How do you parent an object

A

First click on the object that is supposed to be the CHILD , then the parent then press Ctrl P

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25
Q

where do you have to go to change the settings for the light

A

the light object and the “lightbulb” on the side menu

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26
Q

What are the 2 main engines in blender, where can you change them and what are they used for

A

Eevee and cycles, 2nd menu from the top between the screwdriver and printer, eevee(a real time rendering engine) renders very fast but requires alot of customization, cycles is an unbiases rendering engine so it calculates light more realistically but takes much longer to render and is also very grainy

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27
Q

How do you get the camera to move with your view

A

go to view, view lock lock camera to view

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28
Q

How do you change the camera view to what you are already looking at

A

ctrl alt 0(number pad)

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29
Q

What should you change if the light is too harsh

A

move the light farther away and change the power

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30
Q

what material settings do you change the most often

A

the base color
roughness
normal

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31
Q

what does the roughness material setting change

A

How reflective the material is. if the roughness is high it looks like chalk if its low it looks very shiny and reflective

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32
Q

what things are subsurface scattering used for

A

Human skin, food and some natural materials

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33
Q

How do you split the view

A

go up to the border, make sure there is a double sided arrow. to undo this reclick and select join areas and drag the area you want to keep to the area you want to get rid of.

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34
Q

how do you tell if the colors are overexposed

A

go to render properties(the radio)> color management > view transform>false color

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35
Q

how do you reduce noise in render

A

go to scene properties> sampling> double the number under blender

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36
Q

what can you use after a render

A

nodes in the compositing tab

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37
Q

What are particle instances

A

duplicate an object thousands of times on top of another object many time.

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38
Q

where is the particle panel

A

the square with the glowing corner

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39
Q

What are the 2 types of particles

A

Emitter(Animated) and hair (static)

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40
Q

How do you reference an object or collection for particle instance

A

go under particle panel, go under render, change path to object(or collection), use eyedropper to click object

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41
Q

If you want to randomize rotation in an particle instance where do you go

A

Under advanced setting , check rotation, turn up randomize if you need them to stay flat randomize phase if you want them to stay flat.

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42
Q

what does phase under particle rotation do?

A

Changes the direction of the object

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43
Q

what keys let you bring up a pie menu with the different modes

A

Ctrl+Tab

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44
Q

In weight paint mode, what does it mean if an area is blue

A

It’s value is 0

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45
Q

In weight paint mode, what does it mean if an area is red

A

It’s value is 1

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46
Q

what does weight paint do

A

Using weight paint will allow you to determine how much of an effect something has, like the are for particle instances

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47
Q

How do you apply weight paint to a particle instance

A

go under particle properties>vertex groups>density>group

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48
Q

if particles are slowing down blender what do you do?

A

click the monitor by the particle under particle properties

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49
Q

In weight paint what is the weight setting

A

effects what weight you’re applying

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50
Q

How to make a particle instance of an object multicolored.

A

Add a material to the object, go under shading, add> input> object info, connect random to base color, add> converter>ColorRamp. Drop inbetween objt info and principle shader. change color ramp to linear, and keep adding points to the graph until you get it looking the way you want

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51
Q

How does the box in the lower shading view relate to the side bar

A

The properties are the same but you use the node if you wan to get advanced

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52
Q

What do nodes actually do?

A

referencing value in another place, every time that value needs to be used it will generate it randomly

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53
Q

what is the short cut for creating a loop cut

A

ctrl +R

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54
Q

What how do you increase the number of loops when using loop cuts

A

scroll wheel

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55
Q

How do you control the number of occurrences of a single object in a particle instance that uses a collection

A

Go under particle, render, collection, use count, increase number of everything else

56
Q

How do you know you are missing a texture?

A

If the mesh is purple in texture paint

57
Q

How do you start texturing

A

go to texture paint ,click new add size and add a name.,go to shading tab, add>texture>image texture. Replace base color with an image in shading tab using notes.

58
Q

How do you set an image as a base color,

A

add> texture> image texture

59
Q

How do you add a texture

A

go to texture paint, make new texture, add to object using nodes, go to side bar of texture paint and select new texture mask, go to texture on normal sidebar, select brush mask texture, change type to what is needed, change mapping to random(optional)

60
Q

How do you begin procedural texturing

A

Go to shading, add»texture>noise texture

61
Q

If a texture looks like it is streched in the wrong way, what is the best way to fix that

A

add>input>texture coordinate, attach object to vector

62
Q

how do you use a “real” bump map

A

Add>vector>displacement, connect fac of noise texture to height, connect displacement to the displacement of the material out put, ctrl shift click main shader. material panel>settings> displacement>displacement and bump and bump

63
Q

If the texture paintbrush won’t show up what should you do

A

go to the shading tab and click the texture node,

64
Q

Wow can you get both small texture and large texture

A

Duplicate the texture plug in the right connections and change the scale

65
Q

How do you combine two textures

A

Add>color>Mix RGB, connect fac to color, change mix to add

66
Q

In the MixRGB shader which node is controlled by which ?

A

the fac always refers to the second input

67
Q

What does the emission property do

A

Make the object glow, or saturated

68
Q

How do keep a solidiy modifier from making holes in meshes when you use extrude

A

Apply the modifier before you extrude

69
Q

What does the spin tool do

A

Extrudes the face while rotating it

70
Q

How do you add fill to a circle

A

When you first make it you have to change the fill type to ngon or triangle fan

71
Q

How do you make thing things opaque for modeling

A

alt z

72
Q

How do you make something look like glass

A

Turn up the transmission to 1 in the material, turn on screen space reflections in rendering and materials

73
Q

How do you copy material from one object to another

A

select unmaterialed first, shift select material you want to copy, ctrl L, and select materials

74
Q

How do you apply current scale, rotation, or transform

A

ctrl A

75
Q

How do you stop an object from being selected

A

go to filter, and click the arrow

76
Q

How do you change the aspect ratio of the camera

A

go to the printer and look at format>resolution

77
Q

What does the focal length change

A

It can change the camera to a fish eye lens or zoom

78
Q

How do you change the scale of the material that’s being applied to it from a material shader level

A

select image node ,ctrl T, so to scale in the mapping tab and click scale, drag down,

79
Q

What you change to affect the color under the texture

A

subsurface

80
Q

How do get the texture of a material but not the color

A

drag in a normal map to the node editor, connect color to normal, add vector>normal map, change color space to non colored

81
Q

how do you edit 2 objects at once

A

select both using shift, then tab

82
Q

How do you change the color of the background in render mode?

A

Go to world properties and change the color

83
Q

How do you change the focus of the camera

A

select camera, camera tab, select depth of field, use eyedropper, adjust F-stop

84
Q

What does F-stop do?

A

the higher the f-stop value the more in focus everything is (shallower depth of field), and the lower the F-stop value is the more out of focus everything is ,(deeper depth of field)

85
Q

How to you bring up a pie menu to move 3d cursor

A

Shift s

86
Q

How do you make sure a particular area is in focus

A

add an empty sphere ad set it as the object of focus

87
Q

how do you change the darkness of an entire texture

A

Place a RGB curves nodes in between the texture and the principle BSDF, drag the line on the graph down

88
Q

How do you change the saturation after it already on the object

A

add a hue saturation in between the texture and principle shader.

89
Q

How do you change the spacing of your animations

A

in the graph editor, normalize

90
Q

How do you change the color of the scene

A

change the color of the light

91
Q

How do you do film color grading

A

compositing tab, add>color>color balance, or

go to color management and change “look”

92
Q

How should you save an animation before rendering

A

save each frame as a png. set frame end to end of animation. go to output settings(the printer) and go to fileformat. Make a new folder where the pngs go.

93
Q

How do you play a rendered animation

A

open new file in blender, go to the plus at the end pf the workspaces and click video editing,add>image sequence, reset aspect ratio, and set color management to standard,change file format to FFMpeg, click render animation

94
Q

What are the 5 elements of good lighting

A

direction,size, readability,color, and emphasis

95
Q

What is the worst place to put the light (with rare exeptions)

A

In front of the subjects, right behind the camera, the exceptions are when the you want to see the details of something flat like a a pattern of clothing or a tatoo

96
Q

What is paramount/butterfly lighting and why is it good?

A

above but about a foot in front of the subject’s face. It creates just enough shadows below the nose, lips and neck, but very little around the eyes, be careful not to place the light to close to the face or it will cast harsh shadows on the eyes,

97
Q

What are some exceptions to the having the light to close to the face.

A

if you are trying to be scary, or if the environment and atmosphere calls for it, but you should still use a soft light so you can see the eyes

98
Q

What is split lighting

A

lighting up half the face

99
Q

What is flashlight lighting

A

lighting coming from underneath, like telling stories around a campfire

100
Q

What is neutral light

A

a light from the top left hand corner

101
Q

What is Rembrandt lighting

A

the lit triangle on the cheek

102
Q

What is the most important thing to remember about lighting an environment

A

Lighting informs composition because light tells you where to focus

103
Q

What are the shadows created by a small light source like?

A

The shadows created by a small light are sharp

104
Q

What are the shadows created by a large light source like?

A

The shadows created by a large light source are soft , this is because the light wraps around the object more and reaches further , this is in relation to the distance from the object and light source

105
Q

What happens if you keep a light source the same size but move it back a lot and increase the power

A

The shadow gets much sharper,

same size , different distance

106
Q

What happens If you use a smaller light source on something detailed (like a rock)

A

It highlights the details because the are casting shadows, if you use a farther more powerful light source, it will add light to those little spaces, and blend them together

107
Q

What kind a of light should you use to light humans

A

a Larger, farther light source. a sharper light highlight pimples, lines , and other undesirable details,
but make sure it’s not too large ,or detail will get erased away completely and forms will be harder to understand, and the face will start to look less human and more doll like

108
Q

When do movies use soft vs hard lighting

A

Most of the time movies will use soft lighting even if it’s not in the the environment for the scene , like a police station. However they may use harder lighting to emphasize mystery or emotions on the face like the furrowing of the brow in anger

109
Q

What do pro photographers have that 3d arists don’t

A

soft boxes, this their big lights are softer and exist in a gradient rather than one huge solid light

110
Q

How do you create a gradient light source in blender

A

add emission shader ,colorRamp,gradient texture> sphereical, texture coordinater> object to vector, ad gray close to white in color ramp

111
Q

What are the 2 different kinds of light spectrums for lighting

A

Natural and artificial

Natrual is the colors of light you will find in the real world, the color of the sun and the color of the sky)

112
Q

What are natural colors

A

Natrual is the colors of light you will find in the real world, the color of the sun and the color of the sky) represented by the kelvin blackbody scale
fire>sunset>noon sun>overcast sky,>blue sky

113
Q

What the golden hour

A

1 hour before sunset, or 1 hour after sunrise

114
Q

What is the blue hour

A

1 hour AFTER sunnset, or 1 hour BEFORE sunrise,the opposite of golden hour. mostly used for architecture, because it equalizes exposure for exterior and interior lights meaning the brightness of the interior lights matches the exterior.

115
Q

What is artificial light used for?

A

to suggest location, like cities with man made lights, or symbolism

116
Q

What is one technique for creating contrast in lighting?

A

add to different likes of opposite colors on oppisite sides of the subject. this can also be a lamp in the back opposite to paramount lighting

117
Q

read ability of a light object

A

good amount of light and object separation

118
Q

what is object separation

A

helping people see the separation between objects as

well as helping people see the separation between objects and the background, rim lighting is a big part of this

119
Q

What should you be careful with rim lighting

A

be careful that lighting doesn’t look to staged and artificial. people don’t always have perfect lighting in real life.

120
Q

what is rim lighting

A

giving a subject a highlight so no part of it fades into and becomes indistinguishable from the back ground

121
Q

If you have false color on to check the exposure, what color should you aim for?

A

mostly grey, with maybe some green, and maybe a little blue. make sure the green you go for isn’t yellow green

122
Q

What is fill light.

A

adding light to bring the darkest values just a little brighter. add a second light , make it bigger so it covers more

123
Q

Why would you leave the main light white, but add color to a backlight

A

so the backlight is distinct from the main light, makes the image more readable.

124
Q

What is emphasis

A

using contrast to guide the viewer

125
Q

If you double the distance between a subject that is close to a light source then what is the light falloff?

A

75%, but this will decrease as it moves farther away, move it the same distance and it will be 89% from where it started, 14 units away from 75. double it again and it’s 94, 5 units away from 89.
if you bring light closer to a subject(and turn down intensity) the more falloff, the more emphasis

126
Q

what is implied lighting

A

shadows casted by a subject not actually in the shot,

127
Q

How to you get an object to recognize a second material?

A

click the new material, Go into edit mode, select the parts you want apply it to and

128
Q

How do you rig a character

A

Add>armature, go to viewport display> in front, place the armature in the middle of the hips, extrude for bones in the bottom of the chest, chest , neck, and head, add another armature for the shoulders, arms and hand, do the same for the legs,
differentiate name of left bones from right,
add constraint bone behind the foot, the elbow , in front of the knee, as far away as it needs to move , and a bone occupying the same space as the hand(make sure the constraints are horizontal), add a master controller bone at the base,
parent the elbow constraint to the shoulder bone, keep offset. parent knee constraint to the the foot constraint., scale up the hips
parent upper leg to hips bone, parent shoulder bones to chest bone
parent the leg controller, the hand controller, and the hip controller to the master base
go to pose mode, add bone constraint, inverse kinematics, choose bone, chain length, pole target> armature> knee constraint, pole angle 90°. same for arm elbow 180, add copy rotation modifier for the hand, hand control , and foot
go to chest and neck, uncheck inherit rotations
change both world spaces to local space with parent, uncheck deform on all control bones in bone settings change elbow pose angle to 0,
parent character to rig, and select with automatic weights.

129
Q

How do you set your character back to default position

A

pose mode, select all bones alt R, alt G.

130
Q

How do you get emitted particles to go forward instead of downward.

A

Go to field weights under particle settings and turn the gravity down

131
Q

how do you “blow away” particles at a faster rate

A

put a force behind the particles and increase the strength.

132
Q

How do you make a force pull particles

A

set strength to negative

133
Q

What does the boolean(difference) modifier do?

A

cuts out the shape of a overlapping object

134
Q

What does the boolean(union) modifier do?

A

combines 2 meshes

135
Q

What does the boolean(intersect) modifier do?

A

creates a new mesh from overlapping parts of mesh w/ mod and the target mesh.

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