Bleeding first part of pregnancy Flashcards
1
Q
Most important reasons for bleeding first part of pregnancy:
A
- spontaneous abortion
- ectopic pregnancy
- gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD)
- other (injuries)
2
Q
Laboratory test for first half bleeding:
A
hCG, progesterone, estrogen, inhibin A and Papp-A
3
Q
ectopic pregnancy signs and symptoms:
A
- Lower abdominal pain (99%)
- Lack of menstruation
- Bleeding
- Occur 6-8 weeks after LMP
4
Q
Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy:
A
- Ectopic pregnancy in past
- abnormal fallopian tubes
- IUD
- history of inflammation of the tubes and ovaries
- infertility therapy
- multiple sexual partners
- smoking
5
Q
Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy:
A
- pregnancy test
- ultrasound (pregnancy vesicle outside the uterus)
- Adnexal tumor+ empty uterus+ positive hCG values, adnexal tumor with fluid space inside, free fluid behind the uterus
6
Q
When should ectopic pregnancy be suspected?
A
When beta hCG is higher and the pregnancy rate is not visible in the US
7
Q
Ectopic pregnancy treatment:
A
Surgery, chemotherapy and observation
8
Q
Treatment of GTD?
A
- Draining the uterine cavity
- Hysterectomy
