bleeding Flashcards
1
Q
what is haematemesis?
A
vomiting blood
2
Q
what is the difference between red and brown blood?
A
red: fresh blood
brown: degraded by gastric Pepsin, resembles coffee grounds
3
Q
what is melaena?
A
passage of tarry, shiny black stools with a characteristic odour and results from upper GI bleeding
4
Q
common causes of upper GI bleeding?
A
- ulcer
- oesophageal tear
- oesophagitis, gastritis, duodenitis
- cancer
5
Q
what is the criteria used to predict the risk of mortality in patients with upper GI bleeding?
A
Rockall score
6
Q
what does fresh rectal bleeding indicate?
A
disorder in the anal canal, rectum or colon
7
Q
causes of rectal bleeding?
A
- haemarrhoids
- anal fissure
- colorectal polyps
- colorectal cancer
- IBD