BLCWI Rationale Flashcards
Dicloxacillin is active against:
a. Staphylococci
b. Enterococci
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Staphylococci
Acid stable penicillin
a. Dicloxacillin
b. Penicillin G
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Dicloxacillin
Acid-stable penicillin:
- Dicloxacillin
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
Adverse effect of hypoprothrombinemia is associated with:
a. Cefotetan
b. Cefepime
c. Cefuroxime
d. Ceftriaxone
a. Cefotetan
Bleeding disorders/Hypoprothrombinemia:
- Cefamandole
- Cefmetadole
- Cefoperazone
- Cefotetan
Which can be used to treat metallo beta-lactamase producing bacteria?
a. Ceftolozane-tazobactam
b. Ceftazidime-avibactam
c. Both
d. Neither
d. Neither
True or False:
Beta-lactamase inhibitors can be combined with penicillins or cephalosporins.
True
This may cause myopathy prompting creatine phosphokinase monitoring:
a. Daptomycin
b. Cycloserine
c. Clindamycin
d. Vancomycin
e. Flucytosine
a. Daptomycin
Cycloserine - TB
Clindamycin - Skin and soft-tissue infection against Streptococci & Staphylococci
Vancomycin - Red Man syndrome
Flucytosine - Thrombocytopenia
Aztreonam has activity against:
a. Aerobic gram-negative bacteria
b. P. aeruginosa
c. both
d. neither
c. both
True or False:
Penicillins are excreted into sputum.
True
Penicillin is also excreted into sputum and breast milk to levels 3–15% of those in the serum.
Oxacillin is active against:
a. Streptococci
b. Staphylococci
c. Both
d. Neither
b. Staphylococci
The only first generation parenteral cephalosporin:
a. Cefazolin
b. Cefotetan
c. Ceftaroline
d. Cefuroxime
a. Cefazolin
Acid stable penicillin:
a. Oxacillin
b. Ampicillin
c. Both
d. Neither
b. Ampicillin
Acid-stable penicillin:
- Dicloxacillin
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
This may cause allergic pneumonitis in prolonged treatment:
a. Daptomycin
b. Amoxicillin
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Daptomycin
Daptomycin cause an allergic pneumonitis in patients receiving prolonged therapy (>2 weeks)
Drug active against Pseudomonas:
a. Ampicillin
b. Vancomycin
c. Both
d. Neither
d. Neither
Ampicillin - DOC for Shigella
Vancomycin - Creatinine clearance
Which can cross the Blood Brain Barrier:
a. Tetracycline
b. Vancomycin
c. Both
d. Neither
b. Vancomycin
The only fourth generation parenteral drug:
a. Cefepime
b. Cefotetan
c. Ceftaroline
d. Cefuroxime
a. Cefepime
Which can be used to treat extended spectrum Beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae:
a. Ceftolozane-tazobactam
b. Ceftazidime-avibactam
c. Both
d. Neither
c. Both
Their coverage are:
- Gr(-)
- P. aeruginosa
- Extended spectrum Beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae:
Which is resisted by Listeria monocytogenes infection:
a. Penicillin G
b. Ivermectin
c. Diethylcarbamazine
d. Bithionol
e. Praziquantel
a. Penicillin G
Bacteria Resistant to Penicillins Resistant to Staphylococcal Beta-Lactamase:
● Listeria monocytogenes
● Enterococci
● Methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococci
Second generation cephalosporin which crosses the Blood Brain barrier:
a. Cefuroxime
b. Cefotetan
c. Ceftaroline
d. Cefepime
a. Cefuroxime
Glycopeptide which associated with the adverse reaction of infusion related flushing:
a. Vancomycin
b. Teicoplanin
c. Telavancin
d. Dalbavancin
e. Oritavancin
a. Vancomycin
Among the more common reactions to vancomycin is the so-called “red man” syndrome. This infusion-related flushing is caused by release of histamine.
Nafcillin is active against:
a. Staphylococci
b. Enterococci
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Staphylococci
This may cause psychosis and convulsion at high doses:
a. Cycloserine
b. Bacitracin
c. Daptomycin
d. Fosfomycin
a. Cycloserine
Bacitracin - Nephrotoxic
Daptomycin - Allergic pneumonitis
Fosfomycin - UTI
Which can be used to treat anaerobic infection:
a. Ceftolozane-tazobactam
b. Ceftazidime-avibactam
c. Cefepime
d. Ceftaroline
d. Ceftaroline
Ceftaroline has increased binding to penicillin-binding protein 2a,which mediates methicillin resistance in staphylococci (anaerobic bacteria, resultingin bactericidal activity against these strains).
True or False:
Antistaphylococcal penicillins are resistant to Beta-lactamases.
True
Drug of choice for surgical prophylaxis:
a. Cefazolin
b. Cefoxitin
c. Cefofetan
d. Ceftriaxone
a. Cefazolin
True or False:
Penicillin can be used to treat meningococcal meningitis.
True
What is the second line anti-TB drug which is a structural analog of D-alanine?
Cycloserine
Antimetabolite inhibitor of cystosolic enolpyruvate transferase:
Fosfomycin
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Cefazolin
1st-generation cephalosporins
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Cefixime
3rd-generation cephalosporins
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Cefoperazone
3rd-generation cephalosporins
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Cefotetan
2nd-generation cephalosporins
Identify if Narrow, Very Narrow, and Wider:
Amoxicillin
Wider spectrum penicillinase-susceptible agent
Adverse effects of interstitial nephritis is associated with:
Methicillin
Identify if Narrow, Very Narrow, and Wider:
Penicillin G
Narrow-spectrum penicillinase-susceptible agent
Interferes with a late stage in cell wall synthesis in gram (+) organisms. What drug is this?
Bacitracin
Identify this drug based on the mechanism of action:
Binds to the D-ala-D-ala Terminal of the nascent peptidoglycan pentapeptide side chain
Vancomycin
What is the third generation cephalosporins that do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier?
Cefixime
Cefoperazone
What is the drug of choice for gonorrhea?
Cefixime (IV)
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Cefadroxil
1st-generation cephalosporins
Identify if Narrow, Very Narrow, and Wider:
Penicillin V
Narrow-spectrum penicillinase-susceptible agent
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Ceftazidime
3rd-generation cephalosporins
Identify what generation of cephalosporins:
Cefazolin
1st generation cephalosporin
What are the Beta-lactamase inhibitor?
- Sulbactam
- Clavulanic Acid
- Avibactam
- Tazobactam
Identify if Narrow, Very Narrow, and Wider:
Nafcillin
Very narrow spectrum penicillinase-resistant agent
Identify this drug based on its mechanism of action:
Blocks the incorporation of D-Ala into the pentapeptide side chain of the peptidoglycan.
Cycloserine
Identify if Narrow, Very Narrow, and Wider:
Piperacillin
Wider-spectrum penicillinase-susceptible agent
Identify this drug based on its mechanism of action:
Prevents the formation of N-acetylmuramic acid which is essential in peptidoglycan chain formation.
Fosfomycin
What is the Penicillin used for oropharyngeal infections?
Penicillin V
Which can be used to treat MRSA infection:
a. Ceftriaxone
b. Cefotaxime
c. Cefepime
d. Ceftaroline
d. Ceftaroline
Drug of choice against Treponema pallidum:
a. Penicillin G
b. Penicillin V
c. Oxacillin
d. Ampicillin
a. Penicillin G
Dicloxacillin is active against:
a. Enterococci
b. Anaerobes
c. Both
d. Neither
d. Neither
Staphylococci
Excretion of Penicillin is mainly thru:
a. Renal
b. Billiary
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Renal
Billiary - Nafcillin
This used to treat UTI even in pregnant women:
a. Cycloserine
b. Bacitracin
c. Daptomycin
d. Fosfomycin
d. Fosfomycin
Acid stable penicillin:
a. Penicillin V
b. Benzathine Penicillin
c. Both
d. Neither
a. Penicillin V
Component of peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall:
a. N-acetylglucosamine
b. N-acetylmuramic acid
c. Both
d. Neither
c. Both
Which has activity against anaerobes:
a. Cefotetan
b. Cefaclor
c. Cefuroxime
d. Cefprozil
a. Cefotetan
Which can be used to treat Enterobacter infection:
a. Ceftriaxone
b. Cefotaxime
c. Ceftazidime
d. Cefepime
d. Cefepime