Blast Funrnace

Question 0

What is slag used for?

Answer 0

Calcium silicate (slag) is skimmed off the top of the molten iron. The slag is used for making roads.

Question 1

Why us limestone needed?

Answer 1

Heat of furnace changes limestone into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide 
Calcium carbonate (limestone) > calcium + carbon dioxide

Question 2

The order and picture of the bast furnace

Answer 2

Iron core coke and limestone goes in at the top. Hot gas used to heat incoming air is at the right top side. Hot air blasts through the near bottom. Molten slag at the bottom top. And molten iron at the far bottom. Furnace gets hotter as it goes upwards.

Question 3

Iron and steel in the bast furnace

Answer 3

Iron usually occurs in earths rust as an ore. Most common ore is haematite which is iron oxide. In the blast furnace, the oxygen is removed from the iron. Iron is reduced.

Question 4

What does reducing mean?

Answer 4

Reducing means taking the oxygen away.

Question 5

What are the blast furnace reactions?

Answer 5

1- coke burns in the oxygen of the air to form carbon dioxide: carbon+ oxygen> carbon dioxide.
2- carbon dioxide reacts with more carbon to form carbon monoxide: carbon dioxide+ carbon> carbon monoxide.
3- carbon monoxide reduces e iron oxide to produce iron: carbon monoxide + iron oxide> iron + carbon dioxide.

Question 6

How much carbon is in cast iron?

Answer 6

3-4% carbon and so it converted to steel

Question 7

How much O2 and n2 is in air?

Answer 7

21% O2

78% n2

Question 8

What is a catalyst

Answer 8

Used to speed up reactions without taking part itself