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Question 1

anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 1

glucose is broken down into 2 atp and 2 lactate (lactic acid)

Question 2

anaerobic respiration in plants

Answer 2

glucose is broken down into 2 atp 2 ethanol and 2 co2

Question 3

steps of anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 3

glucose combines with 2 ADP + Pi and 2 NAD. This makes 2 atp which is released and 2 pyruvate which then combines with the 2 NADH carrier molecule. this makes 2 NAD which can be used for the next reaction and 2 lactate.

Question 4

steps of anaerobic respiration in plants

Answer 4

glucose combines with 2 ADP + Pi and 2 NAD. This makes 2 ATP and 2 CO2 and 2 pyruvate. the pyruvate combines with the hydrogen from the carrier molecule NADH to produce 2 ethanol. the carrier molecule returns to 2 NAD

Question 5

what are the 3 stages of cellular respiration

Answer 5

glycolysis, krebs cycle, electron transport

Question 6

what happens in glycolysis

Answer 6

glucose makes pyruvic acid and atp in the cytoplasm, electrons are also carried to electron transport stage through carrier molecule NADH.

Question 7

what happens in the krebs cycle

Answer 7

pyruvic acid makes atp and electrons are carried in NADH and FADH 2 to electron transport (matrix)

Question 8

what happens in electron transport

Answer 8

electrons carried from the krebs cycle and glycolysis combine to make atp in the cristae

Question 9

two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 9

lights reaction and calvin cycle

Question 10

what happens in the light reactions in photosynthesis

Answer 10

light energy combines with H2O in the grana. water is split, oxygen is released and hydrogen is carried by molecules NADP+. atp is also produced from ADP + P but is used up in the calvin cycle

Question 11

what happens in the calvin cycle

Answer 11

co2 combines with hydrogen brought by carrier molecule NADPH and uses atp produced from light dependant stage to release glucose

Question 12

parts of the leaves structure

Answer 12

cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, phloem and xylem, lower epidermis, guard cell and stomata

Question 13

function of the cuticle leaf

Answer 13

protection against dissication, harsh winds

Question 14

function of epidermis

Answer 14

provides a protective barrier

Question 15

function of palisade mesophyll

Answer 15

where most photosynthesis occurs

Question 16

function of spongy mesophyll

Answer 16

facilitate the exchange of gases during photosynthesis