bioethics Flashcards
what are the bioethical concepts
integrity, justice, beneficence, non-maleficence, respect
what is integrity
the commitment to searching for knowledge and understanding, and the honest reporting of all sources of information and communication of results
justice
the moral obligation to ensure that there is fair consideration of competing claims, that there is no unfair burden on a particular group, there is fair distribution and access to the benefits in action
beneficence
the commitment to maximising benefits and minimising the risks and harms involves in taking a particular position or course of action
non-maleficence
avoiding the causes of harm, as there may be a degree of harm, maleficence implies that harm should not be disproportionate to the benfits.
respect
consideration of the extent living things have an intrinsic and/or instrumental value. e.g give regard to welfare, beliefs, liberty, culture. consideration of living things to make their own decisions, when not they are empowered and protected.
what are the three approaches to bioethics
consequence-based, duty and/or rule-based and virtues-based
Fertilisation - what is the ‘person’ at day 1
fertilised egg tthat is totipotent
Fertilisation - what is the ‘person’ at days 2-3
16 cells called a morula, pluripotent
Fertilisation - what is the person at days 3-7
70-100 cells, blastocyst, that implants into the endometrium
Fertilisation - what is the person after day 7
at around about day 16, gastrulation occurs, 3 multipotent germ layers form
what are the 3 multipotent germ layers
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
ectoderm becomes…
nerves and skin
mesoderm becomes…
muscle, blood and bone cells
endoderm becomes…
internal organs
