Bladder and Bowel Care Flashcards
Discuss methods to manage urine and bowel movements.
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- bedpans
- comode
- catheter (either normal or suprapubic)
- penile sheath
- fecal collection device
- stoma
What are penile sheaths?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- devices made from soft, flexible latex or silicone
- applied over the penis to direct urine into a drainage bag from where it can be emptied
- used by men to manage urinary incontinence
- also used to avoid or prevent catheter based UTIs
- not recommneded for men with very small or retracted penises.
What is urinary catheterisation?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- insertion of a catheter (tube) into the bladder using aspetic tecgnique
- used for a range of conditions e.g. retention, prolonged immobolisation, pateints who have voiding difficultied due to neurodegenerative disorders, incontinence management
- the tube then brains the bladder into a drainage bag which can be emptied
How can diarrhoea be managed?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- antimotlity drugs- reducing GI motility to relieve cramps and frequency of diarrhoea
- probiotics- restore the microbial balance in intestinal tract
- fluid replacement- as diarrhoea causes dehydration
- diet- less fibre rich, less spice and chilli to avoid bowel irritation and avoid high doses of vitamins or minerals
What is a fecal collection device?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- similar to a catheter but inserted into the rectum and collects fluid stooms into a drainage bag
- not suitable for people with solid or formed stool, recent bowel surgery, bowel obstructions, severe haemorrhoids or anal tumours
What is acute diaorrhea?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- very common, generally lasts less than 2 weeks
- often requires no investigation or treatment
- may be due to allergy to food, dietary indiscretion, travel associated, viral, bacterial, or antibiotics.
What is chronic diarrhoea?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- lasts longer than 2-4 weeks may have more complex orgins
- can be divided into colonic, small bowel, pancreatic, endocrine, or other causes
What is constipation?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- delayed movement of intestinal content through the bowel
- persistently difficult, infrequenct, or incomplete defecation
- caused by inadequate diet, poor fluid intake, lifestyle change, or ignoring the urge to defaecate
How is constipation managed?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- laxatives- directly stimulating the bowel and by softening faecal matter
- diet- increasing fibre and hydration
- exercise- physical activity stimulates bowel motility
What is an enema?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- administration of substance in liquid form to aid bowel evacuation or administer medication into the rectum
- used to treat severe constipation, introduce medication to the bowel, sooth and treat irritated bowel mucosa, stop local haemorrhage
What is a suppository?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- solid or semi-solid pellet containing medication that is inserted into the rectum
- used to empty to bowel before surgery or endoscopic examination, to relieve constipation, administer medication or sooth and treat haemorrhoids
What is a digital rectal exam?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
Inserting a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to:
- establish the amount, consistence, and presence of faecal matter in the rectum
- to determine the need for removal of faeces and rectal medication
- to trigger defaection
What is digital removal of faeces?
(Royal Marsden, 2020)
- removal of faeces from the rectum using a gloved finger
- only should be performed is necessary and after individual assessment
What is a BASICS assessment?
(NHS, 2024)
Bladder diary
A physical examination
Symptom profile
Infection
Constipation
Scan
