Bladder Flashcards
What is the minimum amount of contrast needed to evaluate for a ruptured bladder during a CT cystogram or plain cystogram?
350cc
Can a ruptured bladder be adequately evaluated via an anterograde fashion?
No
What are the two types of bladder rupture?
Intraperitoneal (contrast lines the bowels)
Extraperitoneal (contrast located posterior to bladder)
What is normal bladder thickness on US?
< 5mm
If abnormal bladder thickness is seen in a pediatric patient, what is the next study of choice?
VCUG, to r/o obstruction (e.g. posterior urethra valves)
In prenatal pt’s, what may non-visualization of the bladder infer?
Poor renal function with oligohydramnios
Cloacal extrophy
Bladder extrophy
Persistent cloaca
What may a “pear shaped bladder” on CT scan infer?
Pelvic lipomatosis (excessive pelvic fat) - most commonly in middle aged AAM, p/w LUTS
*Other less commons: pelvic hematoma, pelvic fluid, psoas muscle hypertrophy, pelvic LAD, B/L iliac artery aneurysms
In men and women, which type of hernias are more common to see associated bowel + bladder hernias?
Men = inguinal canal
Female = femoral canal
Imaging of choice when evaluated bladder hernias?
Cystogram
Imaging of choice to evaluate a vesicoenteric fistula?
CT scan with oral contrast
What is the Bourne test for vesicoenteric fistulae?
1st urine post-barium enema study is spun down and x-rayed…if radiopaque material present, then positive vesicoenteric fistula
What is a Hutch diverticulum?
Congenital ureterovesical junction diverticulum.
- seen on VCUG or cystogram, may be associated with VUR and UTI’s
- men»_space;> females
- associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
What is the formula for pediatric bladder capacity in mL?
capacity in mL = (age + 2) x 30
