Black & Yellow Exam Flashcards
1 mSV = __ rem
0.1
If the total body is exposed to a dose of 4500cGy in a single exposure, most liekly cause of death is __.
Cerebral edema
Linac have what kind of target?
Transmission
Which does not ionize directly? p+ neutron alpha electron
neutron
Monitoring of dose rate and field symmetry is best accomplished by using: Pocket dosi Ion chamber TLD Geiger counter
Ion chamber
In the pancreas, where do most tumors originate from?
Head
Which of the following are used for area surveys? (select all that apply)
ion chamber
parallel plate chamber
GM counter
ion chamber
GM counter
According to NRC, MPD for non-radiation workers is ___ rem/yr.
0.1
Largest paranasal sinus cavity is ___.
Maxillary
Photoelectric interactions of a 60 keV beam are greatest in __.
bone
Which is the most radiosensitive? Sp cord heart lung liver
lung
The stomach is in which quadrant?
LU quadrant
Where is a sarcoma most likely to mtastasize?
Lung
Most common primary brain tumor is __.
Glioma
Most common site fro mets spread of carcinoma of the penis is __.
Inguinal nodes
Hypofractionation is:
Tx given in fewer fractions than is standard
The epiglottis covers the __.
Larynx
In the normal adult male the prostate is located ___ to the bladder.
Inf
The lower constricted portion of the uterus is called:
cervix
The inguinal nodes are generally included in which of the following tx sites? cervix vulva prostate rectum
vulva
The td 5/5 of the whole liver using standard fractionation (180-200cGy/day) is:
2500-3000 cGy
When treating the entire CNS axis, the bottom of the spine port generally extends to the level of ___ when encompassing the cauda equina.
S2
A multiple field technique (3 or more fields) is generally utilized when treating pituitary tumors, opposed 2 lateral fields, to avoid an excessive dose to what structure?
temporal lobes
What quadrant is the spleen located in?
LUQ
What ext landmark can be used to localize the top of the larynx?
Thyroid prominence
Bifurcation of trachea is at __.
T4/T5
The vallecula is located at the level of which of the following anatomical structures?
Hyoid bone
The inf border of a larynx port for vocal cord carcinoma should anatomically correspond to:
Cricoid cartilage
What type of lung cancer has the highest instance od mets at diagnosis?
Small cell
Which of the followin are encompassed in a “German helmet” radiation port when treating ALL?
Cribiform plate
Meninges
Post retina
All of the above
A strontium-90 applicator may be useful in the tx of which of the following diseases of the eye?
Retinoblastoma
Malignant melanoma
Pterygium
Pterygium
The td 5/5 of the whole brain is __.
4500 cGy
Which is the most radiosensitive? Liver Spine Brain stem Optic chiasm
Liver
A non-osseous tumor of the bone marrow is __.
Multiple myeloma
The false vocal cords are located at __ to the glottis.
Sup
Why is a tumor of the parotid gland frequently treated with ispilateral beam arrangement?
to avoid the spine
to avoid the eyes
to avoid the contra parotid
to avoid the contra parotid
When treating with orthovoltage xrays, the PDD will increase with all of the following except: increasing FS increasing kV increasing mA increasing the distance
increasing mA
When manipulating a CT image, increasing hte width of the widow:
Decreases contrast
Increases latitude
Increases speed
Decreases contrast
Increases latitude
TD 55/ both whole lungs:
1500-2500 cGy
RBE is dependent on which of the following? (Select all)
Radiation quality
Radiation dose per fraction
Tissue irradiated
All
When dealing with OER and anoxic tissue, which would be most effective? 6 MV photons Protons Neutrons Electrons
Protons
Which is required for fabricating custom blocks? (select all that apply)
Source axis distance
Source image distance
Source to block tray distance
Source image distance
Source to block tray distance
To verify that the radiation field and the light field are aligned on a 10 MV accelerator, you could use: Tissue eq phantom and ion chamber Mechanical distance indicator and paper A shielding block and redi pack Readi pak, pen and ruler
Readi pak, pen and ruler
When a FS is changed during the course of tx, which are true? (select all)
Tx depth must change
Physician must incl changes in rx
MUs or time must be recalced
Physician must incl changes in rx
MUs or time must be recalced
2 major energies associated with Co-60 beta decay are gamma energies of
1.17 and 1.33 MeV
The wedge angle refers to “the angle through which an isodose curve is tilted at the central ray of a beam at a specified depth.” The rec depth is:
10 cm
go over 209-211
The proximal and distal margin around a soft-tissue sarcoma should be at least __ cm.
5
In a 120 deg arc rotation technique, the center of the high dose zones would be: Deeper than iso Displaced toward surface At iso Same shape as 360 deg rotation
Displaced toward the surface
Which of the following is true regarding electron beams?
Directly ionizing due to negative charge
Less likely to interact with air than photons
Have a higher LET than photons
Directly ionizing due to negative charge
Have a higher LET than photons
A pt is usually treated at 100 SSD. Pt must be treated on a stretcher at 135 SSD. For the tumor dose and size tx area to remain the same as originally planned, which of the following statements is true? (Select all that apply)
Col setting will inc
MU setting will inc
Exit dose will slightly inc
All
Backscatter factors are independent of:
SSD
If 1.5cm is added to the inf border of a tx port, what happens to the original iso if you are not using asym jaws?
Shifts 0.75 cm sup
Shifts 0.75 cm inf
Shifts 0.75 cm inf
Restraining a pt w/o consent can be considered:
battery
assault
both
Normal platelet count:
300,000
Bone marrow suppression occurs when treating: Skull Femur Pelvic bones Vertebrae
Pelvic bones
Does bleomycin or adriamycin sensitize the heart?
Adriamycin
Which route delivers hyperalimentation?
IM
Oral
IV
IV
When a pt is treated w/more than 1 beam, misalignment between POP beams can occur due to displacement of the:
taeget
col axis of rotation
gantry axis of rotation
All
Which of the following has the least radiosensitivity (most radioresistant)? bone marrow lymph tissue muscle mature cartilage
mature cartilage
Angle of mandible is located at: C1 C3 C5 C7
C3
Vocal cords are within:
Larynx
Trachea
Larynx
Ext landmark for carina:
Angle of Louis
What is the primary reason to angle the gantry posteriorly when treating Grave’s disease?
To avoid divergence into the lens
To assure coverage of the posterior orbit
To increase dose to orbital tissue
To assure coverage of protruding eye
To avoid divergence into the lens
For pts w/bladder cancer, the bladder should be full or empty during tx?
Empty
What is the most potent chemical modifier of radiosensitivity to X and Gamma Rays? 5FU Oxygen Misonidazole Adriamycin
Oxygen
Regarding “flatness” of an MV beam, which of the following is true?
Beam flatness changes w/depth due to scatter and decreased intensity at the field edge
Adequate flatness is defined as +/- 3% over 80% of the field at the measured depth
Flatness profiles may be used to determine symmetry
All
The most common presenting symptom of Wilm's tumor is: Fever non-tender mass bone pain nausea
non-tender mass
