black death and renaissance Flashcards
Q: What was the Black Death?
The Black Death was a devastating epidemic in Late Medieval England, killing about one-third of the population.
What do historians today think caused the Black Death?
Historians believe it was bubonic plague, carried by fleas on black rats.
How is bubonic plague transmitted to humans?
Through the bite of an infected flea.
Name a religious explanation for the Black Death
God sent the plague as punishment for sins.
What was an astrological belief about the cause of the Black Death
The unusual positions of Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.
What did the miasma theory propose
Disease was caused by bad air or smells from decaying rubbish.
Certainly! Here are all the flashcards copied for you:
Renaissance Medicine Flashcards
Flashcard 1
Q: What traditional methods continued for disease prevention and treatment during the Renaissance?
A: Superstitions, prayer, cleanliness, bleeding and purging, healthy living, and traditional herbal remedies.
Flashcard 2
Q: How did the approach to cleanliness change during the Renaissance?
A: People began to regularly change their clothes to stay clean, rather than just bathing.
Flashcard 3
Q: What was the new approach to dealing with miasma during the Renaissance?
A: There was more emphasis on removing miasma by draining swamps and removing sewage and rubbish.
Flashcard 4
Q: What was the theory of transference and how was it applied in the Renaissance?
A: The theory suggested that disease could be transferred to an object by rubbing it on oneself.
Flashcard 5
Q: How did alchemy influence treatments during the Renaissance?
A: Alchemy led to the popularity of chemical cures using metals or minerals.
Flashcard 6
Q: How did community care during the Renaissance compare to medieval times?
A: Most people who fell ill were cared for at home by female relatives, and community members, usually women, provided advice and remedies.
Flashcard 7
Q: Why were there few completely new treatments for disease during the Renaissance?
A: Ideas were slow to be accepted, had limited practical use for treatment or prevention, and did not significantly improve the understanding of disease causes.
Flashcard 8
Q: What changes occurred in hospitals by the start of the Renaissance in 1500?
A: Hospitals began treating more sick people, had apothecaries to mix medicines, and physicians frequently visited patients.
Flashcard 9
Q: What impact did the dissolution of the monasteries in 1536 have on hospitals during the Renaissance?
A: Most hospitals closed as a result of the dissolution.
Flashcard 10
Q: When did the number of hospitals return to pre-dissolution levels during the Renaissance?
A: Not until well into the 1700s.
Flashcard 11
Q: What types of hospitals began to appear in the Renaissance after the dissolution of the monasteries?
A: Free, charity-funded hospitals and pest houses for people with contagious diseases.
Flashcard 12
Q: How did the focus of hospitals change when they reappeared during the Renaissance?
A: They were run by physicians focused on treating the sick rather than by religious institutions.
The Great Plague Flashcards
Flashcard 1
Q: How did beliefs about the causes of the Great Plague compare to those of the Black Death?
A: Beliefs were mostly similar, but there were a few differences. Miasma was more commonly believed, fewer people thought it was caused by an imbalance in the Four Humours, and people recognized that disease could be passed from person to person.
Flashcard 2
Q: What was the most commonly believed cause of the Great Plague?
A: Miasma.
Flashcard 3
Q: How did understanding of disease transmission change from the Black Death to the Great Plague?
A: People began to understand that disease could be passed from person to person.
Flashcard 4
Q: How were treatments for the Great Plague similar to those for the Black Death?
A: Many treatments were similar, including herbal remedies and methods used by ‘quack’ doctors. The theory of transference and the idea of sweating out the disease were also used.
Flashcard 5
Q: What was the theory of transference and how was it applied during the Great Plague?
A: The theory suggested transferring the disease to something else, such as birds like chickens.
Flashcard 6
Q: How did people try to ‘sweat out’ the disease during the Great Plague?
A: Sufferers were wrapped in thick blankets and placed by a fire.
Flashcard 7
Q: What were some new government actions taken to address the Great Plague in 1665?
A: Theatres were closed, large gatherings were banned, dogs and cats were killed, streets were cleaned, and barrels of tar were burned.
Flashcard 8
Q: How were dead bodies managed during the Great Plague?
A: Carts collected the dead daily, and the bodies were buried in deep mass graves.
Flashcard 9
Q: What quarantine measures were implemented for households with plague victims?
A: A household was boarded into its home for 28 days or taken to a pest house if a member caught the plague.
Flashcard 10
Q: What public health measures were taken during the Great Plague to prevent its spread?
A: Days of fasting and public prayers were ordered, and streets were regularly cleaned.
Feel free to copy, use, or modify these flashcards as needed!
