Black Civil Rights

Question 1

What was passed on the 31st Jan 1865?

Answer 1

13th Amendment, abolishing slavery

Question 2

What was passed on the 9th July 1868?

Answer 2

14th Amendment, made all people born or naturalised in the USA citizens (including slaves)

Question 3

When was the 15th Amendment passed?

Answer 3

3rd Feb 1870, made all US citizens have equal voting rights (except women)

Question 4

What happened to Fannie Lou Hamer in 1962?

Answer 4

She tried to register to vote in Ruleville, Mississipi and was sacked from her job and told that people “weren’t ready” for her to do this

Question 5

Segregation defintion

Answer 5

The enforced legal seperation of racial groups in public life

Question 6

How many anit-black race riots in 1919?

Answer 6

25

Question 7

Who was Booker T. Washington?

Answer 7

A famous black American who supported accepting segregation. Had a significant following from wealthy black Americans and some whites. They felt he saw how Southern Whites feared black people getting equality.

Question 8

What were some of the Jim Crow Laws?

Answer 8

Where to sit on a tram, where to live, which schools to go to. Workplaces became segregated with seperate entrances and exits.

Question 9

What was the impact of the Jim Crow Laws?

Answer 9

Meant to ease white southerners fears after losing control when slavery ended. It was the “final solution”

Question 10

How were black people disriminated against when voting?

Answer 10

Voters had to pass an almost impossible literacy test to pass and in some states had to be home owners

Question 11

How many black people eligible to vote in 1896 and 1904?

Answer 11

In 1896 it was 130,334 and in 1904 it was 1342

Question 12

Between 1915 and 1930 how many white men were lynched?

Answer 12

65

Question 13

Between 1915 and 1930 how many black men were lynched?

Answer 13

579

Question 14

What happened to Emmet Til in 1955?

Answer 14

At 14, he was lynched for allegedly asking a white woman on a date. He wasn’t even from the South. He was from Chicago visitng relations in the South

Question 15

When was Plessy vs. Ferguson and what did it rule?

Answer 15

In 1896 it ruled that depsite the 14th Amendment segregation was constitutional if provision for both races was equal

Question 16

Why didn’t Presidents do more against segregation?

Answer 16

They could express an opinion but could do very little to enforce legislation. When the depression hit and the focus shifted on correcting that civil rights fell even further down the agenda

Question 17

What did some Presidents think about segregation?

Answer 17

Wilson had no problem with segregation
Harding was pro civil rights and addressed 30,000 people about the vils of segregation but did nothung
Coolidge and Harding were committed to a Laissez-faire attitude

Question 18

What did black people do between 1917 and 1932?

Answer 18

There was a wave of black migration from South to North and East

Question 19

In 1920 how many of the black people in the North lived in Chicago?

Answer 19

40%

Question 20

When and why did the black migration begin?

Answer 20

Began in WW1 with a demand for labour in munitions factories in the inudstrial centres. They advertised in Southern newspapers offering housing, free travel and higher wages.

Question 21

When and why did the black migration begin?

Answer 21

Began in WW1 with a demand for labour in munitions factories in the inudstrial centres. They advertised in Southern newspapers offering housing, free travel and higher wages.

Question 22

What could black people now do in the North?

Answer 22

Vote and some were elected to local and federal government

Question 23

When was Oscar Stanton De Priest elected into congress?

Answer 23

1929

Question 24

What was clear in Chicago 1919?

Answer 24

Black people could keep a mayor in power so therefore there needs were listened to by politicians and in turn a black business elite came to prominence which could also lobby politicians

Question 25

Who did black people shift their vote to in the 1930s?

Answer 25

Shifted from Republican (who abolished slavery) to Democrat (the party of the new deal)

Question 26

Why did Roosvelelt do little to further civil rights?

Answer 26

He needed pro-segregation politicians to pass the new deal legislation

Question 27

What did Roosevelt pass in WW2 bannining racial discrimination in the defence industry?

Answer 27

Executive Order 8802

Question 28

What did the new deal do for black people?

Answer 28

The agencies set up to provide work projects to give relief were meant to employ on “merit alone”. - Black people were moved off projects for white people.
Black farm workers were sacked in their thousands.
Social security provisions did not apply to farm workers or those who worked in other people’s homes.
Some new deal measures did help but only because of their situation (⅓ of low income housing built had black tenants, because many of the poorest people eligible were black)

Question 29

Who did black people have more support with over their treatment during the new deal than the civil rights one?

Answer 29

Communist organisations

Question 30

When did the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) turn down the case of 9 young black men raping two white girls on a train in Scottsboro, Alabama?

Answer 30

1931. Communist lawyers instead took on the case and uncovered a conspiracy.

Question 31

How many NAACP members in Birmingham, Alabama during 1930s?

Answer 31

6

Question 32

How many black communists in Birmingham, Alabama during 1930s?

Answer 32

3000

Question 33

What was he Housewives Leagues boycott?

Answer 33

“Don’t buy from where you can’t work”

Question 34

What did Father Divine set up in Harlem?

Answer 34

The Peace Mission church group. Set up restaurants and sold food

Question 35

How many people did A. Phillip Randolph lead in Washington in protest to black workers being excluded of the economic boom in 1939?

Answer 35

100,000

Question 36

How did Roosevelt respond to the Washington protest?

Answer 36

He executed EO 8802

Question 37

How many defense workers were black in 1942?

Answer 37

3%

Question 38

How many defense workers were black in 1944?

Answer 38

8%